Version: 4 (current) | Updated: 11/13/2025, 6:20:08 AM
Added description
| File | Document | Key references | |------|----------|----------------| | 46409978.renewable‑energy‑contracts.html | Renewable Energy Contracts Doc (newsletter) | Amazon, GreenBiz, Q2 2021 Size Matters, Q3 2021 Walmart‑Microsoft | | 46543890.energy‑subsidies.html | Energy Subsidies Doc (newsletter) | Fossil‑Fuel Subsidies Fact Sheet, Not‑in‑Our‑Backyard report, Energy Subsidies Report (CBO), NEI report, Michigan Capitol Confidential report, Goodjobsfirst | | 46613593.lng.html | LNG Article (newsletter) | Gastech, Joe Biden, Russia, Ukraine, Europe, Asia, Azerbaijan, Golden Pass LNG, Sindre Knutsson, Joshua Rhodes, Jennifer Granholm, EIA, FERC, ITC, American Clean Power Association, Holland & Knight, Wood Mackenzie, Charif Souki, Hal Connolly, Ira Joseph, Giles Farrer, Kyle Wamstad, Tim Brightbill, Andrew Williams | | 46756810.red‑state‑renewables.html | Red State Renewables Doc (newsletter) | Texas, PJM, Southeast Region, Acciona, Sempra Energy, Venture Global, Cheniere Energy, Nextdecade, Cameron LNG, Commonwealth LNG, Freeport LNG, Driftwood, Lake Charles, Sabine Pass, Mason County, Fleming County, Maysville, Mays Lick, Joe Pfeffer, James Gallenstein, John Estill, Citizens Voice of Mason County | | 47113895.greenflation.html | Greenflation Doc (newsletter) | Low‑Income Home Energy Assistance Program, TLD Insight, Progressive Economy Forum, BIS, Bloomberg, Peter Bofinger | | 47166358.ending‑coal‑usa.html | Ending Coal USA Doc (newsletter) | Washington Post opinion on coal miners vs owners | | 47226587.fracking.html | Fracking Doc (newsletter) | EIA Report Fracking, RAN Report | | 47226924.global‑gas.html | Global Gas Doc (newsletter) | NTSAFOS, CSIS, U.S. LNG exports, Europe LNG imports, Asia LNG imports, Australia, Qatar |
The collection also includes metadata linking each document to concepts such as renewable energy contracts, energy subsidies, natural gas, solar power, wind power, coal, LNG, greenflation, climate change, and energy policy, as well as geographic entities (United States, Europe, Asia, Kentucky, Texas, Louisiana, etc.) and key individuals (e.g., Robert Bryce, Joe Biden).
* Energy subsidies and fiscal policy – analysis of tax breaks for fossil fuels and renewables. * Fracking and natural gas – regulatory and market developments, including U.S. and international LNG exports. * Renewable energy contracts – corporate and municipal agreements for solar and wind projects. * Coal transition – policy and economic implications of phasing out coal. * Greenflation – the intersection of environmental goals and inflationary pressures.
Excluded from the collection are primary source documents such as original legislative texts or raw data sets; the archive focuses on secondary analyses, newsletters, and fact sheets that synthesize policy developments.
@file_pinax -> documents -> @energy_and_climate_policy_collection:collection {description: "A collection of archival materials and historical documents related to energy and climate policy, including renewable energy contracts, energy subsidies, fracking, global gas markets, and the transition away from coal."}
@energy_and_climate_policy_collection -> includes_subject -> [@energy_policy:concept, @climate_change:concept, @renewable_energy:concept, @solar_power:concept, @natural_gas:concept, @fracking:concept, @energy_subsidies:concept, @liquefied_natural_gas:concept, @greenflation:concept, @coal:concept, @wind_power:concept]
@file_46409978_renewable_energy_contracts -> documents -> @renewable_energy_contracts_doc:document {type: "newsletter"}
@renewable_energy_contracts_doc -> references -> @amazon:organization
@renewable_energy_contracts_doc -> references -> @greenbiz:organization
@renewable_energy_contracts_doc -> references -> @q2_2021_size_matters:document {title: "Q2 2021 Size Matters – Amazon Creative Tech Giants MGMs Solar Bet"}
@renewable_energy_contracts_doc -> references -> @q3_2021_walmart_microsoft:document {title: "Q3 2021 Walmart‑Microsoft Empower Communities – Wind‑Powered Hydrogen Louisiana Solar"}
@file_46543890_energy_subsidies -> documents -> @energy_subsidies_doc:document {type: "newsletter"}
@energy_subsidies_doc -> references -> @fossil_fuel_subsidies_fact_sheet:document {title: "Fact Sheet: Fossil‑Fuel Subsidies – A Closer Look at Tax Breaks and Societal Costs", source: @eesi:organization}
@energy_subsidies_doc -> references -> @not_in_our_backyard_report:document {title: "Not‑in‑Our‑Backyard", author: @robert_bryce:person}
@energy_subsidies_doc -> references -> @energy_subsidies_report:document {title: "Energy Subsidies – Overview", source: @cbo:organization}
@energy_subsidies_doc -> references -> @nei_report:document {title: "Analysis of US Energy Incentives 1950‑2016", source: @nei:organization}
@energy_subsidies_doc -> references -> @michigan_capitol_confidential_report:document {title: "Wind Industry Titan Soaks Up Billions in Tax Subsidies", source: @michigan_capitol_confidential:organization}
@energy_subsidies_doc -> references -> @goodjobsfirst:organization
@robert_bryce:person {full_name: "Robert Bryce", occupation: "author and energy policy commentator"}
@file_46613593_lng -> documents -> @lng_article:document {type: "newsletter", date: @date_2024_09_26, title: "Is the world sleepwalking into another gas crisis?"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @gastech:event {type: "conference", description: "Recent gas‑industry jamboree in Houston"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @joe_biden:person
@lng_article -> discusses -> @russia:place
@lng_article -> discusses -> @ukraine:place
@lng_article -> discusses -> @europe:place
@lng_article -> discusses -> @asia:place
@lng_article -> mentions -> @azerbaijan:place
@lng_article -> mentions -> @golden_pass_project:organization {full_name: "Golden Pass LNG Project", status: "bankrupt lead contractor"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @golden_pass_lng:organization {full_name: "Golden Pass LNG"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @sindre_knutsson:person {full_name: "Sindre Knutsson", affiliation: @rystad_energy:organization}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @joshua_rhodes:person {full_name: "Joshua Rhodes", affiliation: @university_of_texas_at_austin:organization, role: "energy policy expert"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @jennifer_granholm:person {full_name: "Jennifer Granholm", role: "US Energy Secretary"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @eia:organization {full_name: "U.S. Energy Information Administration"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @ferc:organization {full_name: "Federal Energy Regulatory Commission"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @itc:organization {full_name: "International Trade Commission"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @american_clean_power_association:organization
@lng_article -> mentions -> @holland_knight:organization {full_name: "Holland & Knight"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @wood_mackenzie:organization
@lng_article -> mentions -> @charif_souki:person {full_name: "Charif Souki", role: "LNG industry veteran"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @hal_connolly:person {full_name: "Hal Connolly", role: "Head of Public Policy, QCells"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @ira_joseph:person {full_name: "Ira Joseph", affiliation: @center_on_global_energy_policy:organization}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @giles_farrer:person {full_name: "Giles Farrer", role: "Head of LNG Research, Wood Mackenzie"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @kyle_wamstad:person {full_name: "Kyle Wamstad", role: "Partner, Holland & Knight"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @tim_brightbill:person {full_name: "Tim Brightbill", role: "Lead counsel for petitioners"}
@lng_article -> mentions -> @andrew_williams:person {full_name: "Andrew Williams", role: "Partner, Holland & Knight"}
@rystad_energy:organization
@center_on_global_energy_policy:organization
@university_of_texas_at_austin:organization
@file_46756810_red_state_renewables -> documents -> @red_state_renewables_doc:document {type: "newsletter"}
@red_state_renewables_doc -> discusses -> @texas:place
@red_state_renewables_doc -> discusses -> @pjm:organization {full_name: "PJM Interconnection"}
@red_state_renewables_doc -> discusses -> @southeast_region:concept {description: "Southeast US power grid"}
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @acciona:organization {full_name: "ACCIONA Energy"}
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @sempra_energy:organization
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @venture_global:organization
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @cheniere_energy:organization {full_name: "Cheniere Energy"}
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @nextdecade:organization
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @cameron_lng:organization
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @commonwealth_lng:organization
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @freeport_lng:organization
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @driftwood:organization
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @lake_charles:organization
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @sabine_pass:organization
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @mason_county:place
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @fleming_county:place
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @maysville:place
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @mays_lick:place
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @joe_pfeffer:person {full_name: "Joe Pfeffer", role: "Mason County Judge‑Executive (2015‑2021)"}
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @james_gallenstein:person {full_name: "James L. ‘Buddy’ Gallenstein", role: "Mason County Judge‑Executive (pre‑2015)"}
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @john_estill:person {full_name: "John Estill", role: "Mason County Attorney"}
@red_state_renewables_doc -> mentions -> @citizens_voice_of_mason_county:organization {description: "Local advocacy group opposing wind and solar projects"}
@acciona -> invests_in -> @fleming_county_solar_farm:project {capacity_mw: 188, investment_usd: 200000000, jobs_created: 300}
@fleming_county_solar_farm -> located_in -> @fleming_county
@file_47113895_greenflation -> documents -> @greenflation_doc:document {type: "newsletter"}
@greenflation_doc -> defines -> @greenflation:concept {description: "Inflation driven by higher energy and climate‑related costs"}
@greenflation_doc -> mentions -> @low_income_home_energy_assistance_program:concept {description: "LIHEAP – Low‑Income Home Energy Assistance Program"}
@greenflation_doc -> cites -> @tld_insight:organization {full_name: "TLD Insight"}
@greenflation_doc -> cites -> @progressive_economy_forum:organization
@greenflation_doc -> cites -> @bis:organization {full_name: "Bank for International Settlements"}
@greenflation_doc -> cites -> @bloomberg:organization
@greenflation_doc -> cites -> @peter_bofinger:person {full_name: "Peter Bofinger", affiliation: @bundesbank:organization}
@bundesbank:organization
@file_47166358_ending_coal_usa -> documents -> @ending_coal_usa_doc:document {type: "newsletter", reference: "Washington Post opinion on coal miners vs owners"}
@file_47226587_fracking -> documents -> @fracking_doc:document {type: "newsletter"}
@fracking_doc -> references -> @eia_report_fracking:document {title: "Fracking Overview", source: @eia:organization}
@fracking_doc -> references -> @ran_report:document {title: "Fracking Fiasco", source: @ran:organization}
@ran:organization {full_name: "Resource Action Network"}
@file_47226924_global_gas -> documents -> @global_gas_doc:document {type: "newsletter"}
@global_gas_doc -> mentions -> @ntsafos:person {full_name: "Nikos Tsafos", affiliation: @csis:organization}
@global_gas_doc -> cites -> @csis:organization {full_name: "Center for Strategic and International Studies"}
@global_gas_doc -> discusses -> @us_lng_exports:concept {description: "U.S. LNG export projects"}
@global_gas_doc -> discusses -> @europe_lng_imports:concept {description: "Europe’s reliance on LNG"}
@global_gas_doc -> discusses -> @asia_lng_imports:concept {description: "Asia’s LNG demand"}
@global_gas_doc -> mentions -> @australia:place
@global_gas_doc -> mentions -> @qatar:place
@mason_county -> located_in -> @kentucky:place
@fleming_county -> located_in -> @kentucky:place
@maysville -> located_in -> @kentucky:place
@mays_lick -> located_in -> @kentucky:place
@kentucky:place
@texas:place
@louisiana:place
@indiana:place
@ohio:place
@california:place
@new_york:place
@north_east_asia:place
@europe:place
@asia:place
@ukraine:place
@russia:place
@azerbaijan:place
@australia:place
@qatar:place
@energy_policy:concept
@climate_change:concept
@renewable_energy:concept
@solar_power:concept
@natural_gas:concept
@fracking:concept
@energy_subsidies:concept
@liquefied_natural_gas:concept
@greenflation:concept
@coal:concept
@wind_power:concept
@low_income_home_energy_assistance_program:concept
@us_lng_exports:concept
@europe_lng_imports:concept
@asia_lng_imports:concept
@eesi:organization {full_name: "Environmental and Energy Study Institute"}
@cbo:organization {full_name: "Congressional Budget Office"}
@nei:organization {full_name: "National Energy Information"}
@michigan_capitol_confidential:organization
@goodjobsfirst:organization
@gastech:event
@pjm:organization
@acciona:organization
@sempra_energy:organization
@venture_global:organization
@cheniere_energy:organization
@nextdecade:organization
@cameron_lng:organization
@commonwealth_lng:organization
@freeport_lng:organization
@driftwood:organization
@lake_charles:organization
@sabine_pass:organization
@citizens_voice_of_mason_county:organization
@tld_insight:organization
@progressive_economy_forum:organization
@bis:organization
@bloomberg:organization
@csis:organization
@ran:organization
@eia_report_fracking:document
@energy_subsidies_report:document
@fossil_fuel_subsidies_fact_sheet:document
@not_in_our_backyard_report:document
@energy_subsidies_doc:document
@renewable_energy_contracts_doc:document
@greenflation_doc:document
@ending_coal_usa_doc:document
@fracking_doc:document
@global_gas_doc:document
@lng_article:document
@red_state_renewables_doc:document
@energy_and_climate_policy_collection:collection
@fleming_county_solar_farm:project
@golden_pass_project:organization
@golden_pass_lng:organization
@rystad_energy:organization
@center_on_global_energy_policy:organization
@university_of_texas_at_austin:organization
@charif_souki:person
@hal_connolly:person
@ira_joseph:person
@giles_farrer:person
@kyle_wamstad:person
@tim_brightbill:person
@andrew_williams:person
@joe_pfeffer:person
@james_gallenstein:person
@john_estill:person
@sindre_knutsson:person
@joshua_rhodes:person
@jennifer_granholm:person
@eia:organization
@ferc:organization
@itc:organization
@american_clean_power_association:organization
@holland_knight:organization
@wood_mackenzie:organization
@peter_bofinger:person
@ntsafos:person
@robert_bryce:person
@charif_souki:person
@hal_connolly:person
@ira_joseph:person
@giles_farrer:person
@kyle_wamstad:person
@tim_brightbill:person
@andrew_williams:person
@joe_pfeffer:person
@james_gallenstein:person
@john_estill:person
@sindre_knutsson:person
@joshua_rhodes:person
@jennifer_granholm:person
@eia:organization
@ferc:organization
@itc:organization
@american_clean_power_association:organization
@holland_knight:organization
@wood_mackenzie:organization
@peter_bofinger:person
@ntsafos:person
--- Relationships summarised above.<!--
{
"post_id": "46409978.renewable-energy-contracts",
"post_date": "",
"is_published": false,
"email_sent_at": "",
"inbox_sent_at": "",
"type": "newsletter",
"audience": "only_paid",
"title": "",
"subtitle": ""
}
-->
<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j2Tk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j2Tk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j2Tk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j2Tk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j2Tk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png" width="1100" height="961" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":961,"width":1100,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":465264,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j2Tk!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j2Tk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j2Tk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!j2Tk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3d60dbe-2924-4c8d-9ede-ea25bbc01bad_1476x1290.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>https://www.greenbiz.com/article/q2-2021-size-matters-amazon-creative-tech-giants-mgms-solar-bet</p><p>Amazon’s reneable energy deals across the US</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f0To!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f0To!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f0To!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f0To!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f0To!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png" width="542" height="1192" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1192,"width":542,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":124828,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f0To!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f0To!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f0To!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!f0To!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4b87fbf-864d-43cd-a8a6-728b61fbc6df_542x1192.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>https://www.greenbiz.com/article/q3-2021-walmart-microsoft-empower-communities-wind-powered-hydrogen-louisiana-solar</p><!--
{
"post_id": "46543890.energy-subsidies",
"post_date": "",
"is_published": false,
"email_sent_at": "",
"inbox_sent_at": "",
"type": "newsletter",
"audience": "only_paid",
"title": "",
"subtitle": ""
}
-->
<p>https://www.eesi.org/papers/view/fact-sheet-fossil-fuel-subsidies-a-closer-look-at-tax-breaks-and-societal-costs</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fed8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fed8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fed8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fed8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fed8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png" width="1100" height="733" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":733,"width":1100,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":228777,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fed8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fed8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fed8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Fed8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3e1faa50-6cbe-4076-8923-3ba3e45cdfd9_1686x1124.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>https://files.americanexperiment.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Not-in-Our-Backyard-Robert-Bryce.pdf</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3KT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3KT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3KT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3KT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3KT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png" width="1100" height="807" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":807,"width":1100,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":132517,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3KT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3KT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3KT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3KT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F91682af6-f7e1-4ab7-97ff-8fb2a038341a_1328x974.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>https://news.climate.columbia.edu/2019/09/23/energy-subsidies-renewables-fossil-fuels/</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!F2wq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!F2wq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!F2wq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!F2wq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!F2wq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png" width="1100" height="507" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":507,"width":1100,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":152803,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!F2wq!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!F2wq!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!F2wq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!F2wq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89d10fe3-9282-45d7-a439-124e9866927c_1344x620.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_subsidies_in_the_United_States#/media/File:Cost_of_Energy-Related_Tax_Preferences,_by_Type_of_Fuel_or_Technology,_1985_to_2016.png</p><p>https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/115th-congress-2017-2018/reports/52521-energytestimony.pdf</p><p>https://www.nei.org/CorporateSite/media/filefolder/resources/reports-and-briefs/analysis-of-us-energy-incentives-1950-2016.pdf</p><p>https://www.michigancapitolconfidential.com/wind-industry-titan-soaks-up-billions-in-tax-subsidies</p><p>https://www.goodjobsfirst.org/</p><!--
{
"post_id": "46613593.lng",
"post_date": "",
"is_published": false,
"email_sent_at": "",
"inbox_sent_at": "",
"type": "newsletter",
"audience": "only_paid",
"title": "",
"subtitle": ""
}
-->
<h1>Is the world sleepwalking into another gas crisis? </h1><h2>Prices could once again spike this winter</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-a5a!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-a5a!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-a5a!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-a5a!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-a5a!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg" width="1280" height="720" data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":720,"width":1280,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":null,"alt":"Aerial view of two liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers","title":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Aerial view of two liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers" title="Aerial view of two liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-a5a!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-a5a!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-a5a!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-a5a!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd07ffb04-103f-4ec3-8894-2f9a915462fa_1280x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Photograph: Getty Images</figcaption></figure></div><p>Sep 26th 2024</p><p>SaveShare</p><p>Give</p><p>Gastech, a recent gas-industry jamboree in Houston, was full of enthusiasm. Amid a blizzard of deals by energy ministers and fossil-fuel giants, delegates cheered: their product is set for a starring role in the green transition. Yet there was uncertainty, too. Opprobrium was heaped on President Joe Biden, who has paused permits for American export terminals of liquefied natural gas (LNG). Insiders also worry that the global lng market, which became vital to Europe and Asia after the war in Ukraine began, could soon face its first true test. With demand rising and supply failing to come on stream, a new scramble for gas could be in the offing.</p><p>During the worst of the energy crisis, it looked as if 2025 would be the year of salvation. Russia had shut pipelines that supplied more than 40% of European gas; if the continent survived two winters, the thinking went, then it would be out of trouble, as big lng projects in America and Qatar flooded the market. In fact, Europe did better than survive. It is approaching its third winter since war struck with gas-storage facilities 94% full, ahead of its aim for them to be 90% full by November. Vast purchases of LNG, which last year accounted for 60% of the bloc’s gas imports, have helped achieve this.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ODcr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ODcr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ODcr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ODcr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ODcr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png" width="608" height="1178" data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1178,"width":608,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":null,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":null,"href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ODcr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ODcr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ODcr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ODcr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F378f2085-6d55-4032-bd92-c0be9b43938e_608x1178.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Chart: The Economist</figcaption></figure></div><p>Instead, however, the market has turned fretful. LNG prices in Asia, the global benchmark, hover above $13 per million British thermal units (mBtu), higher than at almost any time bar the 2022 panic. One concern is a looming drop in temperatures. The northern hemisphere’s past two winters have been mild, but the coming one is unlikely to be so clement. “Just a normal winter would feel very cold by recent standards,” notes a gas trader. A frigid season would be doubly bad for Europe. It would require more gas not just for heating but also for power: cold weather tends to come with a lacklustre breeze, hampering wind farms. North-east Asia should also be colder than in recent winters. An extreme season like that of 2021—when Beijing endured -20°C temperatures in January, its coldest in 50 years—is always possible.</p><p>Sindre Knutsson of Rystad Energy, a consultancy, reckons that a big chill in Europe and Asia would create extra demand for gas of 21 billion cubic metres (bcm) and 15 bcm respectively, or 4-8% of the regions’ imports last year. Since Europe is maxing out piped imports—and Asia, aside from China, has negligible piped trade—the remaining amount would need to come from seaborne shipments. That could create demand for an additional 26m tonnes of LNG, equivalent to 7% of globally traded volumes last year.</p><p>The second worry is that Europe’s piped imports could fall further. Under a five-year deal due to expire in December, Russia still sends gas via Ukraine to central Europe. These flows have fallen by more than half since 2021, but still accounted for 15 bcm last year. Ukraine has already said it will not negotiate a new deal.</p><p>So Europe and Ukraine are discussing workarounds. The most realistic is a “swap” with Azerbaijan, whereby Russian gas coming through Ukraine would be relabelled as Azerbaijani while a portion of Azerbaijani gas would become Russian. Azerbaijan would then be free to buy that gas for itself or to pipe it to Turkey. In this scenario Europe would, however, still be short of gas—it would receive as much via Ukraine as previously, but less from Azerbaijan. Moreover, because energy is cheap in Azerbaijan, Russia would have to agree to sell to it cut-price, or Azerbaijan would have to pay over the odds. And Russia could still decide to stop deliveries of “Azerbaijani” gas to Europe any day. Talks are showing little evidence of progress.</p><p>Weather and geopolitics could therefore create demand for a lot of additional LNG cargoes, and do so at a time when the market will not be as flush as had once been anticipated. Russia’s flagship Arctic LNG 2 terminal, initially due to export up to 13m tonnes per annum (mtpa) of LNG by next year—equivalent when superchilled to 18 bcm of gas—is delayed and devoid of clients after America slapped sanctions on the project and any vessel that docks there. A plan for Egypt to become a reliable LNG supplier to Europe has crumbled. The country’s gas output is tailing off much faster than expected.</p><p>Yet America has been the biggest disappointment. Mr Biden’s moratorium will be a blow to supply, but only in a few years, since it applies solely to new projects. America’s immediate headache is the bankruptcy of the lead contractor on Texas’s Golden Pass project, one of two big terminals meant to come online next year, which could cause delays of six months or more. Alongside hiccups at smaller projects, this means that out of the 25-30 mtpa of new capacity expected by 2025, only 15 mtpa may materialise.</p><p>What would a perfect storm look like? The worst-case scenario would include sub-zero temperatures in Europe as soon as early December and Russian gas vanishing by January 1st. The continent would not run out of fuel in the short run: in addition to record stocks, it has an abundance of nuclear power (many French reactors, shut in 2022, are back in action) and hydro power (after biblical rains). But it would see its gas reserves drained much faster, leading to the first big restocking exercise since 2022. This time Europe’s appetite would be even bigger: having expanded its regasification capacity by one-fifth, it is less constrained in its shopping ambitions.</p><p>Europe would have to compete with Asia for LNG cargoes, buoying spot prices. Anne-Sophie Corbeau of Columbia University reckons they could easily reach $16 per mbtu early in the year. Richer Asian countries and China would be largely cushioned, because they buy much of their LNG under long-term contracts that are indexed to the oil price. Yet nearly all Europe’s purchases are either made on the spot market or indexed to spot prices, and the continent cannot live without gas, having retired most of its coal-power plants. Governments, utilities or consumers—or a mixture of all three—would have no choice but to bear the higher cost.</p><p>Poor, populous emerging economies may not be able to afford it at all. Drawn by lower prices since last year, a few have recently returned to the market, or even imported LNG for the first time. A price spike would surely put an abrupt end to this development. Many would be forced to switch back to coal; some may be forced into rolling blackouts. The wait for fresh supplies could be a long one. ■</p><p><em>For more expert analysis of the biggest stories in economics, finance and markets, sign up to <a href="https://www.economist.com/newsletters/money-talks">Money Talks</a>, our weekly subscriber-only newsletter.</em></p><p>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-01-04/u-s-lng-exports-top-rivals-for-first-time-on-shale-revolution?sref=wOrDP8KX</p><p>https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=50598</p><p>Please use the sharing tools found via the share button at the top or side of articles. Copying articles to share with others is a breach of <a href="https://www.ft.com">FT.com</a> <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/terms-conditions/">T&Cs</a> and <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/copyright/copyright-policy/">Copyright Policy</a>. Email <a href="mailto:licensing@ft.com">licensing@ft.com</a> to buy additional rights. Subscribers may share up to 10 or 20 articles per month using the gift article service. More information can be <a href="https://www.ft.com/tour">found here</a>. <br><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/e7f3681f-3f0a-40de-ab65-65f62c7d6acb">https://www.ft.com/content/e7f3681f-3f0a-40de-ab65-65f62c7d6acb</a><br><br>Intense competition between developers and escalating costs are complicating efforts to bring new liquefied natural gas projects online in the US, even as the fallout from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine creates huge appetite for American fuel exports. A new wave of multibillion-dollar LNG projects on the US Gulf Coast has gathered pace over the past year as the energy upheaval triggered by the war prompts a global dash to secure fossil fuels from vast Texas shale fields. Since Moscow began its full-blown invasion of its neighbour 14 months ago, four projects, together worth $40bn, have reached the crucial “final investment decision” milestone. But others have faced repeated delays as they vie with each other to secure the long-term purchase agreements needed to underwrite their projects and contend with sharply escalating construction and financing costs. “It’s dramatically more expensive,” said Charif Souki, who pioneered the development of the US LNG export industry more than a decade ago. “There are fewer and fewer construction companies that can actually handle these kinds of loads. But you have to confront . . . your supply chain issues and all the cost inflation.” Souki, who now heads up developer Tellurian, has seen his $25bn Driftwood development flounder after a fundraising failure last year led pivotal buyers to abandon the project. This month it announced plans for the sale and leaseback of land as it scrambles to raise funds. Two other projects that developers had hoped would reach FID by the end of March — Energy Transfer’s Lake Charles conversion and Next Decade’s Rio Grande terminal — have been delayed to later in the year. The Biden administration and European Commission have made the expansion of US LNG exports a cornerstone of securing energy supplies in Europe as the continent looks to purge Russian gas from its national economies. Projects under construction or entering service will increase US capacity by roughly 70 per cent once they all come online by 2027, making the country the world’s pre-eminent LNG superpower: this year the US will leapfrog Australia and Qatar to boast the world’s biggest export capacity. If every potential project in the pipeline was to come online, they would triple US capacity by 2030, according to Wood Mackenzie. But analysts expect many of these to fail, as a race to build them in time intensifies and funding for long-term fossil fuel projects in a decarbonising world becomes harder to secure. Reaching the FID stage requires securing enough solid deals to underwrite the financing needed to pay for its construction. As costs rise, that is proving tricky. “You’ve seen a really competitive market among different developers,” said Giles Farrer, head of LNG research at Wood Mackenzie. “So to secure customers, companies have bid right down to the margin.” Now many have to contend with rampant supply chain inflation pushing up the cost of construction, while rising interest rates have increased financing costs. That would probably force some to renegotiate offtake deals, said Farrer, delaying projects and allowing others to muscle in. But even as some struggle, other more established players have been successful in capitalising on the thirst for US molecules and locking in contracts that have allowed them to plough ahead with big new projects. Sempra Energy last month pushed ahead with a plan to build a 13.5mn tonnes a year plant in Port Arthur, in south-east Texas; a week earlier Venture Global moved forward with the second phase of its 20mn tonnes a year Plaquemines facility in Louisiana, having given the green light to phase 1 in May; last summer Cheniere Energy gave approval to a 10mn tonnes a year expansion of its facility at Corpus Christi in Texas. “You have three leaders in the clubhouse, if you will, that have made the most of the moment — and others would like to grab some of that success,” said Kyle Wamstad, a partner at law firm Holland & Knight. “It’s one of those things where success follows success . . . if you don’t get that first one in the door, it can linger.” US LNG projects in the works Project Operator Status Capacity (mn t/y) Earliest start-up NFE Louisiana FLNG New Fortress Energy Under Construction 2.8 2024 Plaquemines LNG Phase 1 Venture Global Under Construction 13.33 2024 Golden Pass LNG QatarEnergy/ ExxonMobil Under Construction 18.09 2024 Corpus Christi Stage 3 Cheniere Under Construction 10.43 2025 Plaquemines LNG Phase 2 Venture Global Under Construction 6.67 2026 Port Arthur LNG Phase 1 Sempra Infrastructure Under Construction 13.5 2027 Rio Grande LNG Phase 1 NextDecade Possible 16.2 2027 CP2 LNG Phase 1 Venture Global Possible 10 2027 Cameron LNG Phase 2 Sempra Infrastructure Possible 6.75 2028 Corpus Christi Midscale T8&9 Cheniere Possible 2.98 2028 Commonwealth LNG Commonwealth LNG Possible 8.4 2028 CP2 LNG Phase 2 Venture Global Possible 10 2028 Delfin LNG Delfin Midstream Possible 3.5 2028 Driftwood LNG Tellurian Possible 11 2028 Freeport Train 4 Freeport LNG Possible 5.1 2028 Lake Charles LNG Energy Transfer Possible 16.44 2028 Sabine Pass Phase 5 Cheniere Possible 20 2029 Source: Wood Mackenzie While an increasing number of so-called portfolio players — interested in trading LNG rather than consuming it — has broadened the scope of potential buyers, securing the necessary commitment from offtakers has proved increasingly tricky. Financiers have been forced to weigh up the need for long-term fossil fuel infrastructure as the world looks to rapidly decarbonise and stem climate change. The UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned last month that global warming was “more likely than not” to reach a 1.5C rise since pre-industrial time in the near-term. Many European buyers, anxious to pin down near-term LNG supplies, are hesitant to lock in the sort of multi-decade contracts that developers need in order to secure financing for their projects. Recommended LexOil & Gas industry US natural gas prices: déjà vu all over again Premium content “I think buyers would love to sign deals for five years, but projects get financed on 20-year deals for sellers,” said Ira Joseph, global fellow at the Center on Global Energy Policy at Columbia University. “Each side is perceiving their needs very, very differently of what they deem as energy security.” The US government has been keen to emphasise that a lack of permitting is not the hold-up. There are more than 100mn tonnes a year of projects fully certified to move forward. US energy secretary Jennifer Granholm last month boasted of a “plethora of opportunity for the liquefiers to be able to export”. But securing offtake agreements to underwrite financing has become a much tougher challenge than getting permits — once the golden ticket to getting a project off the ground. “They used to be viewed as what was necessary and would trigger everything else that comes afterwards — whereas now that’s not enough,” said Wamstad at Holland & Knight. “[A handful of] FIDs and substantial debt financing for recent LNG projects does not mean a green light for everybody,” he said. “As soon as you look more like a driftwood or you have some hiccups or issues, there’s always somebody else that’s at least advertising themselves to be better positioned to step into those shoe</p><!--
{
"post_id": "46756810.red-state-renewables",
"post_date": "",
"is_published": false,
"email_sent_at": "",
"inbox_sent_at": "",
"type": "newsletter",
"audience": "only_paid",
"title": "",
"subtitle": ""
}
-->
<p>This makes the extraordinary expansion already seen in Texas - even before the full effects of IRA have made themselves felt - all the more remarkable. The role of Texas both as one of the most important hubs for the oil and gas industry, not just in the USA but worldwide, and also as a pioneering producer of wind, solar and green hydrogen, is one to watch.</p><p>The fact that PJM and Southeast have such healthy renewable energy pipelines is, as in Texas, testimony to the triumph of economic logic over anti-Green ideology. It is particularly striking given the proliferation of anti-wind and anti-solar campaigns at the county level in many of the “Red States” tied to these regional power systems. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FjWb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FjWb!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FjWb!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FjWb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FjWb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png" width="1226" height="1184" data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1184,"width":1226,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":1033814,"alt":"","title":"","type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FjWb!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FjWb!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FjWb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FjWb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc491e292-2b5a-4570-a6a7-34203d655576_1226x1184.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Though federal incentives are important, it is at the state and county level that the battle for green energy in the USA is being fought. This is amply demonstrated by the Hamilton/Brookings data on where power projects are subject to legal contestation. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JBfa!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JBfa!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JBfa!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JBfa!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JBfa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png" width="1332" height="1016" data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1016,"width":1332,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":275985,"alt":"","title":"","type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JBfa!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JBfa!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JBfa!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JBfa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff942d548-905f-45bb-8676-9db6a6e76b3e_1332x1016.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Yr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Yr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Yr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Yr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Yr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png" width="1226" height="1184" data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1184,"width":1226,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":1033814,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Yr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Yr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Yr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Yr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19673d8c-3b78-43cb-bef2-487cd08a7b84_1226x1184.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p></p><p>Please use the sharing tools found via the share button at the top or side of articles. Copying articles to share with others is a breach of <a href="https://www.ft.com">FT.com</a> <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/terms-conditions/">T&Cs</a> and <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/copyright/copyright-policy/">Copyright Policy</a>. Email <a href="mailto:licensing@ft.com">licensing@ft.com</a> to buy additional rights. Subscribers may share up to 10 or 20 articles per month using the gift article service. More information can be <a href="https://www.ft.com/tour">found here</a>. <br><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/53953041-e839-479f-83ad-4384765f9916">https://www.ft.com/content/53953041-e839-479f-83ad-4384765f9916</a><br><br>A fierce trade dispute is brewing in the US solar sector, dividing the biggest names in the industry and putting billions of manufacturing dollars and the pace of US solar power deployment at risk. Last week, the US Department of Commerce launched a probe in response to complaints filed by the two largest solar panel manufacturers in the US, First Solar and Hanwha QCells, along with five other companies, into the alleged dumping by Chinese producers of cheap solar cells through their operations in south-east Asia. New tariffs for dumping could range from 70 per cent to 271 per cent depending on the country, and 15 per cent to 50 per cent for co-operating companies. “Manufacturers like QCells are losing millions of dollars a month. Investments across the sector are at critical risk of failure,” said Hal Connolly, QCells’ head of public policy and government relations, at a US International Trade Commission hearing last week. The investigation is the latest drama in solar trade — readers may recall the paralysing 2022 commerce department probe that found Chinese companies guilty of circumventing tariffs — and comes at an inflection point for the sector. Solar is the fastest-growing source of new electricity generation on the US grid, while Inflation Reduction Act subsidies have attracted billions in investment for new factories for panels and their inputs. What sets this case apart is the heavyweights on both sides of the aisle. Pushing back against First Solar and Qcells are large solar companies, often Chinese, which have invested heavily in US production, along with industry groups such as the American Clean Power Association. “We built our factory and we expected a cost profile that did not include an unjustified level of additional tariffs on imports of cells,” said Jim Murphy, president of Invenergy and board chair of Illuminate USA, Invenergy’s manufacturing venture with China’s Longi in Ohio. Murphy called the petition “anti-competitive” and said it would also delay timelines for solar project deployment. At the heart of the dispute is the tension facing the Joe Biden administration across clean technologies as it tries to strike a compromise between breaking dependence on Chinese supply chains and decarbonising quickly. Smaller than a piece of paper, a solar cell is responsible for converting sunlight into electricity. While a flurry of cell manufacturing announcements have been made on the back of the IRA, the US does not currently produce cells and imports the bulk of them from south-east Asia, often from Chinese companies that built factories there to serve the US market. Wood Mackenzie estimates the US will have 5GW of cell manufacturing capacity by the end of the year, not nearly enough to meet the 38GW of projected deployment. Elissa Pierce, solar analyst at Wood Mackenzie, said given the high costs for cell production domestically, higher tariffs could “make it more competitive to manufacture cells in the US”. Petitioners argue that low global market prices from an oversupply of Chinese panels have made it uncompetitive to produce domestically, even with support from the IRA. Mission Solar, a US manufacturer, said it has reduced its staff and put expansion plans on hold because of “unfavourable market conditions”. “I’m very concerned that we have a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to make these investments in America, but we can’t do it,” Hari Achuthan, founder of Convalt Energy, told the US International Trade Commission. Convalt stopped its US factory construction in 2022 because of low prices. Large industry groups including the Solar Energy Industries Association, the ACP and the American Council on Renewable Energy have come out against the petition, calling it a threat to manufacturing and decarbonisation plans. BloombergNEF estimates the petition could make US panels three times more expensive than the global market price and undermine $8bn in manufacturing investments from Chinese solar companies in south-east Asia. Companies testifying against the petition include China’s Trina Solar and Vietnam’s Boviet Solar, which make panels in the US but import cells from south-east Asia. Exempted from the petition are tariffs on cells from South Korea, the second-largest source of US imports and where petitioner QCells sources some of its cells. “This case is an attempt by petitioners, led by Hanwha and First Solar to stifle US competition. It pits American solar manufacturer against American solar manufacturer and puts American solar manufacturing jobs and investment at risk,” said Andrew Williams, vice-president at Canadian Solar, which operates a panel factory in Texas and plans to open an $800mn cell factory in Indiana in 2025. Tim Brightbill, lead counsel representing the petitioners, dismissed claims that new tariffs would hurt solar deployment. “What is concerning is that we have failed to enforce our own laws, allowing China to control the solar supply chain and shut down US manufacturing, which is critical to deployment,” Brightbill said in a statement to Energy Source. Most US solar manufacturing investments have focused on solar panel assembly over cell production despite a tax credit incentive in the IRA to buy panels with US-made cells. Operating a cell factory in the US is a hard feat given long timelines for construction, slim profit margins and rapid technological advancements in Asia. Of the 27.3GW of US cell manufacturing announcements tracked by BNEF, the consultancy deems only 8.3GW with credible plans. “The US solar industry is just one geopolitical incident away from mass disruption . . . if you’re going to bring in imports and support imports at the cost of domestic manufacturing, you’re giving up your only hedge when that black swan event happens,” said one petitioner. Numerous tariffs already exist for solar parts. Last week, the Biden administration reinstated a Trump-era tariff on double-sided solar panels, while pledging to raise tariff quotas for cell imports, a reflection of the lack of domestic capacity. In a couple of weeks, the anti-circumvention tariffs from the 2022 Commerce probe will go into effect. “History just provides us a lesson here that the likelihood that those tariffs pass is quite high,” said Pol Lezcano, senior solar analyst at BNEF. “What this will do is just completely put a stop to those cost declines in pricing that developers were finally able to benefit from in the US.” The ITC will vote on June 7 to decide whether to continue with the investigation.</p><p></p><p>Please use the sharing tools found via the share button at the top or side of articles. Copying articles to share with others is a breach of <a href="https://www.ft.com">FT.com</a> <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/terms-conditions/">T&Cs</a> and <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/copyright/copyright-policy/">Copyright Policy</a>. Email <a href="mailto:licensing@ft.com">licensing@ft.com</a> to buy additional rights. Subscribers may share up to 10 or 20 articles per month using the gift article service. More information can be <a href="https://www.ft.com/tour">found here</a>. <br><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/ef2f6f8e-60df-4ccd-8c4f-ef5cd0eb3176">https://www.ft.com/content/ef2f6f8e-60df-4ccd-8c4f-ef5cd0eb3176</a><br><br>A remarkable thing happened in March this year. For the first time, the fossil fuel rich state of Texas generated more electricity from solar power than from coal. Perhaps even more striking, on the early afternoon of May 14, Texas briefly hit 19.1 gigawatts of energy generation from solar farms. This set a new US-wide record according to figures from Grid Status, which tracks electricity generation data across the US. What makes the achievement even more significant is the state that Texas pushed into second place: California. A progressive stronghold that has mandated clean energy targets for more than 20 years and built up a dominant lead in utility-scale solar energy, it was outshone by a Republican-led fossil fuel powerhouse, governed by a serial obstructor of clean energy legislation. As recently as five years ago this would have been unthinkable. In 2019, Texas had just over 2GW of large-scale solar plants to California’s 13GW. Since then, however, the Lone Star State has entered into a solar boom. As of this month it has deployed 23.6GW of utility-scale solar to California’s 21.2GW. When the latest batch of solar plants come on line, Texas will have added more solar capacity per capita in a single year than any US state and any country in the world, according to data from energy think-tank Ember. Almost overnight, a state synonymous with dirty fuels has become America’s clean energy giant, and the trend is still accelerating. Texas is still heavily reliant on gas, but its transition towards clean energy is emblematic of a dynamic that plays out time and time again in climate discussion: economics has a habit of winning out over politics and ideology. The fact that most Texans want to increase fossil fuel production, and are more hostile than the average American to clean energy targets, is powerless in the face of financial incentives. It’s not that politics don’t matter. But economics, which shape politics, can turn even the biggest climate change sceptic into a clean energy evangelist. This is exactly what has happened in Texas, where an unlikely coalition for clean energy has formed. Urban progressives in blue cities like Austin have been joined by rural west Texas conservatives who recognise that renewable energy is becoming a critical source of economic development for their communities. Despite accounting for only a tiny portion of the state’s population, rural counties will receive more than 60 per cent of the tens of billions of dollars expected to flow into Texas from renewables and storage over the coming years, according to a report by Joshua Rhodes, an energy policy expert and research scientist at the University of Texas at Austin. Notably, the report is full of pro-renewable testimonials from small business owners, ranchers and Republican politicians. It was funded by a conservative organisation and pro-business think-tank. Gone are the days when pamphlets extolling the virtues of clean energy were the preserve of progressive non-profits appealing to the reader’s better nature. Perhaps the clearest sign yet that economics has transformed the politics of climate change in Texas came last year, when several proposed legislature bills aimed at making it harder to build new solar and wind installations failed to make it to a vote. The ease of building and connecting new renewable projects in Texas relative to elsewhere has been one of the key reasons for the state’s clean energy boom. Its electricity grid operator uses a “connect and manage” model. This assesses new projects based on the essential local requirements needed to connect to the grid instead of carrying out protracted studies into the broader potential ramifications. The result is that new power generation takes about half as long to come online in Texas as elsewhere. The US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission is now looking to follow a similar approach in order to speed up the transition nationwide. Red Texas has become the model for going green. The polarised nature of US political discourse can make it seem as if renewables are still a divisive topic. But shift your gaze from cable news to the plains of Texas and a different story is unfolding. For those with skin in the game and an eye for a good investment, clean energy has become a no-brainer. john.burn-murdoch@ft.com, @jburnmurdoch</p><p></p><p></p><p></p><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{"url":"https://twitter.com/curious_founder/status/1593671905713717249?s=20&t=T3OI575TdCWpgaQ0tw07hA","full_text":"For the last month I've been reporting on a group of people who travel across America blocking wind and solar projects.\n\nThis group has passed clean energy opposition laws in states across the country.\n\nHere's the story of one man who has been doing this for 10+ years.\n\n🧵","username":"curious_founder","name":"Michael Thomas","date":"Fri Nov 18 18:26:05 +0000 2022","photos":[],"quoted_tweet":{},"retweet_count":2372,"like_count":5888,"expanded_url":{},"video_url":null,"belowTheFold":true}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/curious_founder/status/1593671905713717249?s=20&t=T3OI575TdCWpgaQ0tw07hA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/curious_founder.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @curious_founder" loading="lazy"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">Michael Thomas </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@curious_founder</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">For the last month I've been reporting on a group of people who travel across America blocking wind and solar projects.
This group has passed clean energy opposition laws in states across the country.
Here's the story of one man who has been doing this for 10+ years.
🧵</div></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/curious_founder/status/1593671905713717249?s=20&t=T3OI575TdCWpgaQ0tw07hA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">6:26 PM ∙ Nov 18, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/curious_founder/status/1593671905713717249?s=20&t=T3OI575TdCWpgaQ0tw07hA/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">5,888</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/curious_founder/status/1593671905713717249?s=20&t=T3OI575TdCWpgaQ0tw07hA/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">2,372</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div><p>https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/Kentucky/Publications/Annual_Statistical_Bulletin/2021/2021%20KY%20Annual%20Bulletin.pdf</p><p>https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-kentucky-hemp-farmers-20190212-story.html</p><p>https://governor.ky.gov/attachments/20220105_State-of-the-Commonwealth-Address.pdf</p><p>Larry Foxworthy fleming county 606 845 8801</p><p>Adam Stratton </p><p>5 different places. Negotiations started back in 2019. Bad experience with IRBs. Fear of state level. Kentucky level </p><p></p><p>Drive the backroads of rural Mason County in North East Kentucky and you find yourself in the middle of a war over the energy future. Mile after mile, yard signs battle over solar power, for and against. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZ84!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZ84!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZ84!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZ84!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZ84!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png" width="1456" height="1194" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1194,"width":1456,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":2290646,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZ84!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZ84!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZ84!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rZ84!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8d4c74ac-71fe-4bb5-9236-c9d90bc1a09d_1458x1196.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Source: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Citizens-Voice-of-Mason-County-Inc-100584395607570/">Citizens </a>Voice of Mason County</p><p>The opponents of “industrial solar” have the stronger sign game (more on that below). But there are plenty of supporters of solar too. </p><p>One might think of the natural habitat for solar as being the deserts of the South. On a grey January day in Lexington, KY, the first thing you think of is not solar energy. But what matters is the annual average. If solar radiation is strong enough for farmers to grow tobacco, soy, or corn, it is sunny enough with modern PV panels to generate solar power at commercial scale.</p><p>Mason is the site of one of the many local battles triggered by the expansion of utility-scale solar renewable power - wind and solar - across the United States. Utility-scale is important here. The industrial solar tag is polemical but it contains a kernel of truth. This is not rooftop solar, but power generation on an industrial scale. Green capitalism is arriving on a large scale. These are the GW of new renewable capacity that we are going to need to build over the coming decades, every year for decades to come, until they cover a huge slice of rural America. </p><p>Over the last decade, the fronts have shifted. Wind was the original object of contention. Now the emphasis is more on solar. Not for nothing the New York Times ran a story. But so too did the boosters of the renewable resistance at Forbes. </p><p>The clash is often set up, as it was in the NYT as a clash between traditional agriculture and green innovation. But that misses the point. Or rather it concedes a key argument to the solar opponents from the start. They rest their case on the defense of bucolic tradition. The reality of rural Kentucky in the early 21st century is rather different. </p><p>*** </p><p>It should be said that the argument over utility-scale solar in rural areas is not the only fight over solar power going on in Kentucky. </p><p>The other struggle, long championed by the left is the battle to gain permission and favorable terms for rooftop solar to be added to the grid. This is a cause opposed by power utilities. </p><p>And then, there is the struggle for a just transition for what is left of Kentucky’s Eastern coal mining districts, which share the coal fields of Appalachia with West Virginia. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/02/climate/coal-mines-solar-climate.html</p><p>The battle over “industrial solar” in rural Kentucky is different from either of theses. It involves solar facilities in the 100-200 MW range, taking up 1000 plus acres of farmland at a time. </p><p>So far the projects in Kentucky are no match for the giant solar farms being laid down in Indiana - the $1.5 billion <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2021/11/09/indiana-solar-panel-farm-largest-united-states-renewable-energy-mammoth/6356672001/">Mammoth Solar Project</a> will cover 2500 hectares with 2.8 million PV panels. But across Kentucky, as across other farm states, the projects are multiplying. </p><p>All told, in 2021 the Kentucky State Board on Electric Generation and Transmission in Frankfort, the state capital, has 18 applications for solar facilities on its docket. </p><p>Cumulatively they promise billions of dollars of investment for hard-scrabble rural counties. Building them will employ thousands of workers all told. Hundreds will eventually be employed in managing the solar farms. </p><p>They will sell their power to large-scale corporate power buyers. At the other end of the chain from the battered rural communities that host the solar panels is none other than amazon. </p><p>Amazon’s pledge to go net zero by 2025 has turned it into the biggest corporate buyer of renewable energy worldwide. </p><p>https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210623005093/en/Amazon-Becomes-Largest-Corporate-Buyer-of-Renewable-Energy-in-the-U.S.</p><p>It is in line with most other major corporates in the US. </p><p>Amazon itself is building wind and solar farms in 14 locations across the United States, including one facility at Garrard county, Kentucky. https://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/news/2021/06/23/amazon-solar-farm-ky.html</p><p>In Northeast Kentucky, Amazon is contracting with what are called “merchant suppliers”. In December 2020, AEUG aka ACCIONA announced an agreement with Amazon to provide 641 MW of clean energy to Amazon from projects in Illinois, Ohio and Kentucky.</p><p>ACCIONA, which plans to build nearly 1,200 MW of new solar capacity by the end of 2023, is entering a period of rapid solar development. The company, which surpassed 1,000 MW of installed US wind capacity in December, also plans to break ground on a 240 MW Texas solar project next month. </p><p>Big Green is arriving. It is on a new scale and with a new level of corporate backing, but it is not the first encounter between rural Kentucky and renewable power. </p><p>***</p><p>Mason county is not new to renewable power battles. </p><p>In 2008 Kentucky established the New Power Initiative.</p><p>Established in 2008, the Kentucky New Energy Ventures, was a state program to incentivize the development and commercialization of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_fuel">alternative fuel</a> and renewable energy products, processes, and services. The program concluded in 2017 and has not been renewed by State. The funds could be used to stimulate private investment in Kentucky-based technology companies with high growth potential. KNEV made seed capital grants of $30,000 and investments ranging from $250,000 to $750,000+.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_Kentucky#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_Kentucky#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_Kentucky#cite_note-9">[9]</a></p><p> Though Kentucky is not particularly windy, wind power was the first option. Mason and Fleming county were singled out for wind projects. Concerted opposition in Mason county killed the plans. </p><p>A community group was formed by local political entrepreneurs. x won election in Mason county on the anti-wind ticket, overturning a Democratic incumbent in a shock election. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o7vj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o7vj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o7vj!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o7vj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o7vj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png" width="1456" height="1037" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1037,"width":1456,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":3259555,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o7vj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o7vj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o7vj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!o7vj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47fd191e-4e81-4bb5-8a6b-d3555931cfae_1674x1192.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>https://citizensvoiceofmasoncountyinc.com/about</p><p>Obituary pfeffer</p><p>https://www.mooreandparkerfh.com/obituaries/Joseph-Patrick-Pfeffer?obId=19874307</p><p>https://www.wlwt.com/article/second-company-discontinues-nky-wind-energy-project/3543141</p><p><strong>MAYSVILLE, Ky. (AP) —</strong></p><p>A second company has notified officials in northeastern Kentucky that it has discontinued research on a possible wind energy project in the area.</p><p>The Ledger-Independent reports NextEra Energy Resources sent a letter earlier this month to Mason County officials to let them know an analysis of the project is being discontinued due to a new state law and a move for stricter local laws.</p><p>Advertisement</p><p>The move came about a week after Duke Energy Renewables announced that it was discontinuing a proposed wind turbine project Mason and Fleming counties near the community of May's Lick.</p><p>A letter from that company said officials decided to explore other possibilities after finding that the wind project had a "marginal" likelihood of success.</p><p>Both proposals had caused controversy in the surrounding communities.</p><p>The letter from NextEra was in response to a request from Mason County Attorney John Estill, who asked the company to hold a public hearing on the proposed project under authority of a new state law.</p><p>In the letter, NextEra Energy Resources counsel Mark Goss said the project was still in early development.</p><p>"As you and many others in Mason County know, NextEra has spent the better part of four years and considerable resources analyzing the possibility of constructing a wind energy project in Mason County ... The results of these analyses have been promising so far and NextEra was moving diligently toward a decision concerning project viability and the refinement of a project site plan that, hopefully, would have been acceptable to all involved," the letter states.</p><p>However, he said the company wasn't ready to hold a public hearing at which highly sensitive and proprietary information would have been disseminated.</p><p>"That fact, taken along with the Mason County Planning and Zoning Commission's proposed action to put into place very restrictive setback provisions for wind turbines, leads NextEra, as it would any reasonable person, to the conclusion that the citizens of the commonwealth of Kentucky, especially those in Mason County, do not want wind-generated power built under any reasonable, responsible circumstances. This is an unfortunate turn of events, and in NextEra's opinion, a bad decision for the citizens and taxpayers of Kentucky and Mason County."</p><p>He said the company could reverse its decision if state and local officials change their mind</p><p>Patrick Pfeffer - President</p><p>Julie Burton - Vice President</p><p>Elizabeth Berry - Treasurer</p><p>Jason Sheppeck - Secretary</p><p>Charlie Boyd</p><p>Martha Boyd</p><p>Jennifer Gleason</p><p>Pam Tribby</p><p>Debbie Estill</p><p>Maysville-Joseph Patrick Pfeffer, 60, passed away on Monday, February 1, 2021. He was born on May 27, 1960. He served his community as Mason County Judge Executive since 2015. He was a member of St. Rose of Lima Catholic Church. His honors were immense, but he was especially proud of being the State FFA Vice President in 1978. It’s important to note that the aforementioned honors helped him acquire many passions. He was on several boards which include: Buffalo Trace Area Development District, which he served as Chairman of the Board/Executive Committee, Maysville-Mason County Port Authority, Licking Valley Community Action Program, Buffalo Trace ASAP, Mason County Public Health Board, and Mason County Extension Board. His board affiliations include: Maysville-Mason County Industrial Development Authority, Fleming-Mason Airport Board, Maysville-Mason County Arts Commission, Maysville-Mason County Area Chamber of Commerce, and Maysville-Mason County Recreation Board. He was a member of the following organizations: Kentucky Association of Counties, Kentucky County Judge Executives Associations, Licking Valley Adventures, Kentucky Magistrates and Commissioners Associations, National Trust for Historic Preservation, Kentucky Association of Riverports, Kentucky Association for Economic Development, Kentuckians for Better Transportation, Kentucky Coal County Coalition, Inc., CORBA – Central Ohio River Business Association, Maysville Rotary Club, Mayslick Concerned Citizens, and Mayslick Fire Department. The Pioneer Award was an award presented by Judge Pfeffer to individuals who exemplified outstanding service to their community. His philanthropic endeavors are immeasurable, but some of them are as follows: a multitude of contributions to the Mason County school system, cooking assistance for fundraising events, and expediting the development of other charitable ventures.<br>He is survived by his wife, Gwendolyn Pratt Pfeffer, who he married August 16, 1991. He is also survived by his children, Kathryn Pfeffer, Patrick Pfeffer, and Megan Pfeffer; a sister, Cathy (Mike) Sweeney; a nephew, Michael Sweeney, and a niece, Rebecca Sweeney. He was preceded in death by his father, James Robert Pfeffer. Visitation will be 2-7 pm on Saturday at Maysville Community Technical College. Mass of Christian Burial will be private for the family. Because Joe loved the county, the family strongly urges memorials be made to May’s Lick Fire Department or Cummin’s Nature Preserve rather than thoughtful memorabilia or floral arrangements. Condolences may be sent to MooreAndParkerFh.com</p><p>http://btadd.com/</p><p>That same network is mobilizing against solar. They aren’t anti-development by any means. </p><p>In 2012 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mason_County,_Kentucky">Mason County</a> passed an ordinance which would prohibit the construction of large-scale <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_farm">wind farms</a>. except in previously-designated industrial zones, but would permit mid to small scale turbines for use at a principal site, but not for sending the energy across electric transmission lines. Efforts by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_Energy">Duke Energy</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NextEra_Energy">NextEra Energy</a> to develop a wind farm at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mays_Lick,_Kentucky">Mays Lick</a> were discontinued</p><p>Mason County will have a new judge-executive Jan. 1, following the upset win of Independent challenger Joe Pfeffer over incumbent Democrat James L. “Buddy” Gallenstein.</p><p>Election results were slow to come into the office of Mason County Clerk Stephanie Schumacher after the polls closed at 6 p.m., an indication voting had been steady throughout the day at all precincts.</p><p>When the first results were posted with Maysville 1 and 4 precincts reporting and absentee votes counted, Gallenstein was ahead by a margin of 466 votes to 351 over Pfeffer.</p><p>The totals shifted when the May’s Lick and Plugtown precincts reported next, with Pfeffer ahead by a narrow margin of 764 to 734. From there, Pfeffer’s lead continued to grow, with a final total of 3,016 (55.03 percent) for Pfeffer versus 2,465 (44.97 percent) for Gallenstein.</p><p>Gallenstein, who has been in office five terms, was at home with family, friends and colleagues following the election.</p><p>He said he called Pfeffer around 8 p.m. to offer his congratulations on his win and the good race he ran.</p><p>“I wished him the best of luck in managing the county affairs,” Gallenstein said. “For me, I’ve had a good career as judge-executive, I’ve done more than I ever dreamed I would do. I’m thankful the voters have given me the opportunity that they have to make changes to how county government is run. My tenure has had changes and conflicts, and if you are a leader, you have to deal with that the best you can.”</p><p>Gallenstein noted his success of implementing planning and zoning regulations and said every county judge-executive is going to have to deal with zoning issues eventually</p><p>https://maysville-online.com/news/109023/pfeffer-upsets-gallenstein-for-judge-executive-win</p><h1><strong><a href="https://www.wind-watch.org/news/2014/10/31/mason-county-judge-executive-candidates-on-the-issues/">Mason County Judge-Executive candidates on the issues</a> </strong></h1><p><em><strong>Credit: </strong></em> The Ledger Independent | October 31, 2014 | <a href="http://www.maysville-online.com/news/local/55b0b8ab-1180-5e35-ace2-cb9268215dd5.html">www.maysville-online.com</a> ~~</p><p>Mason County Judge-Executive candidates were sent a series of questions dealing with issues the county has or likely will face.</p><p>Candidates responding to the questions include incumbent Democrat James L. “Buddy” Gallenstein and challenger Independent Joe Pfeffer.</p><p>WIND FARMS</p><p>Both NextEra and Duke Energy have abandoned plans for wind farm development in Mason County. There are currently no plans – at least of which we are aware – for wind energy development.</p><p>As a post mortem on what became very divisive and hotly contested issue for many Mason County citizens, what would you say about the wind farm projects? What did we do right? What did we do wrong?</p><p>GALLENSTEIN –Mason County has been determined as a “low wind” area. There are no present proposals to develop wind farms in Mason County, and under present laws and technology. With regard ti local siting of wind farms, I support the planning and zoning process, which I fought to enact over a decade ago. All of the evidence presented in the Planning Commission hearing favored a wind ordinance that effectively banned the development of large scale wind energy projects. As a supporter of smart growth in the county, I was a proponent of an ordinance which was consistent with the testimony and citizen statements at the hearing, We allowed this process to work. Yes, it was lengthy and yes, it was divisive but in the end it worked for the benefit of the whole community. The problem arose with the lack of transparency, not by local government but by the project developers. To alleviate this issue in the future, I fully supported the passage of House Bill 291 which ensured that future proposed alternative energy projects are required to be more transparent to the local communities throughout Kentucky.</p><p>PFEFFER – Wind Farm development became a divisive issue because honest straightforward information was not given to the citizens of Mason County in a timely manor. When in every state that has wind farm developments there has been litigation, it certainly should be the responsibility of elected officials to govern and protect the health, safety and welfare of citizens. It was apparent to concern citizens that sought guidlines for responsible development, that there was a lack of ability to govern effectively or a desire not to govern. At that point a request was made Jan 2014 by citizens for Fiscal Court to support Rep. Denham to sponsor a bill addressing “code of conduct” for businesses developing in Ky. When brought to the attention of Ky PSC and LRC, action began and was known as HB291. Amazingly HB291 drafted based on a Feb. 7, 2014 round table meeting I attended was signed into law on April 10, 2014. In just 62 days HB291 became law without 100 state representatives and 38 state senators casting a single nay vote! It was obvious the state legislators saw a need to govern. To the contrary our county officials were ask to act on this issue in 2011 and finally adopted a wind energy ordinance on Sept. 30, 2014 after many months of repeated pressure from concerned citizens. Local government failed to govern and the commissioners who wanted to govern were scorned. We failed at governing effectively. Need I say more?</p><p>JOBS, JOBS, JOBS</p><p>In a survey of Kentucky counties with a population of 10,000 or greater released in July, Mason County ranked 78 out of 100 with a net loss of 78 jobs in the last two years. While recovery seems to be underway in other areas of the state, our city/county seem slower to bounce back. The primary jobs generator for the area is a joint agreement between the City of Maysville and Mason County Fiscal Court operated by the Maysville Mason-County Industrial Authority. Is it time for a re-structuring of that agency that would provide a more effective way of attracting new jobs to the area?</p><p>GALLENSTEIN – The reality is that most of the counties le3ading Kentucky in job growth are served by interstate highways, ot a series of interstates, and all industry is not drawn here by our great access to river and rail It is for this reason that I initiated and requested the University of Kentucky Transportation Center to conduct a study examining the import/export feasibility for Mason County and this region. In addition, I have supported the restoration and preservation of our county’s history to enhance our tourism industry. Job development is a continual process, and it will never be pushed to the back burner because I understand that jobs are the life bread of our citizens. I work daily with state government and the city of Maysville for innovative ways to bring jobs here. I understand the rules of public financing and incentive programs that must be considered when determining the county’s commitment to projects that create jobs.</p><p>Continuing our work on improvement of highways here is critical, as are partnerships with high schools, vocational schools and MCTC to produce a quality workforce. To directly answer the question, it’s always time to be thinking about jobs and how we use our Industrial Development Authority, the Fleming-Mason Airport, the Port Authority,and other agencies or committees that enhance and encourage job creation.</p><p>PFEFFER – Jobs in our county is the most repeated issue I hear when campaigning. We have become a county in decay when it comes to jobs and career opportunities for citizens and especially our younger generation. It is time to make changes and become accountable for our performance. We should set objectives and develop measurable goals to reach our objectives. We must be able to measure our performance of reaching goals if we want to succeed at attracting jobs with career opportunities. We must obtain “Work Ready Community” status to compete for job creators to locate in Mason County. We must also be friends of small business development.</p><p>As county judge I will be in favor of application/interview process to fill any vacancy in the area of economic development. I see economic development as an investment rather than an expense, We must expect positive results and nothing less.</p><p>SMOKING</p><p>Attempts to enact a statewide ban on smoking indoors in public buildings have so far been unsuccessful in the General Assembly. That issue is expected to come up again in the 2015 session. I have two questions:</p><p>Do you favor a statewide ban on smoking indoors in public buildings?</p><p>If the General Assembly fails to pass a statewide ban on smoking in public buildings would you be in favor of a county ordinance that would address the issue?</p><p>GALLENSTEIN – I have served on the National Association of Local Boards of Health, as well as the State Board of Health and our local board. I am well aware of the real health dangers of smoking and other tobacco uses, as well as the effect of second hand smoke on the public and fellow workers. Smoking is prohibited in Mason County in all county owned buildings. I am also well aware that our farmers have relied and continue to rely on tobacco income, and our community is tied to the tobacco culture. I do not support an ordinance that prohibits smoking in all buildings open to the public in Mason County. This is and remains a divisive issue here, and one where the public cannot at present reach consensus. I believe the citizens of Mason County will be better served by a decision made by the Kentucky General Assembly in regards to indoor smoke-free regulation.</p><p>PFEFFER – Smoking is legal for adults. I do favor present “No Smoking” policy for places where one is required to enter to conduct business such as government offices. For businesses where one has a choice to enter or not to enter, smoking policy should be a decision of the business owner. In our area we currently have businesses that have made different policy choices. If you desire a smoke free environment there are smoke free establishments. The concern I have with a smoking ban in public buildings is where would we stop with imposing restrictions? Would we restrict smoking in vehicles with children on board? This certainly poses more of a health risk than smoking in a large public building. As a society we need we need less government not more government!</p><p>Now with this all said one knows where I stand, however a County Judge Executive should govern as the majority of the citizens see fit, not from his or her personal opinion on an issue. There are processes for citizens to voice their opinions and action to be taken on issues. That is how we should govern!</p><p>https://www.wind-watch.org/news/2014/10/31/mason-county-judge-executive-candidates-on-the-issues/</p><p>“Under Joe’s leadership, Mason County re-ascended to the regional hub of Northeastern Kentucky,” he said. “He personally spearheaded invaluable infrastructure investments such as the landfill sanitation line, broadband projects such as Windstream’s fiber trunk line, as well as countless others. Under Judge Pfeffer’s leadership, Mason County’s job growth has been phenomenal with career-making, self-sustaining jobs such as EKPC’s Spurlock Station expansion, new industries such as PPI, Patientech and others, expanding industries such as Enviroflight, Stober, and the list goes on. Ultimately, there are very few progressive and positive projects here in Mason County that Judge wasn’t instrumental with.”</p><p>Since joining MMCIDA, McNeill said he had developed a deep friendship with Pfeffer.</p><p>https://maysville-online.com/top-stories/187573/pfeffers-death-leaves-void</p><p>8 years ago</p><p>An agreement was reached Tuesday between opponents of a possible wind turbine farm in May’s Lick and county officials on how to proceed in getting the wind farm issue before the Maysville-Mason County Joint Planning Commission.</p><p>Prior to the beginning of the regular meeting of Mason County Fiscal Court, Judge-Executive James L. “Buddy” Gallenstein, County Attorney John Estill and May’s Lick resident Joe Pfeffer, who also serves as the spokesperson for Citizens Voice of Mason County met to discuss a proposal to hire an outside, unbiased consultant to draw up a plan of action, which would in turn be given to the JPC. The JPC is charged by the fiscal court to address and implement zoning issues in the county and opponents of the wind turbine farm have been lobbying for several months to have the issue put before the JPC.</p><p>Estill explained to those in attendance a meeting has already taken place between himself, Gallenstein and four May’s Lick residents to discuss the wind farm: two of the residents oppose the wind farm and two are in favor of the wind farm.</p><p>Estill said while there wasn’t much common ground reached, it was a nice, open discussion that didn’t lead to a solution but did open up discussion about the process (of zoning, setbacks, etc.).</p><p>One question that needs to be answered is if wind turbine systems are a proper use of land zoned A-2, and if so, what is reasonable use, Estill said.</p><p>It was also noted that officials on the state level were in attendance at last month’s fiscal court meeting. Kate Shanks, with the department of renewable energy under the Kentucky Environmental Protection Cabinet was at the meeting and has asked what the state can do to help the county as it makes its way through the pros and cons of the subject.</p><p>Commissioners Annette Walters said Mason County is the guinea pig for the state in relation to wind turbine farms in Kentucky and Gallenstein agreed, saying state assistance is being offered because the issue is so new to the state.</p><p>Members of the fiscal court, as well as Citizens Voice of Mason County agreed to contact James Madison University Professor Maria Papadakis, who has been recommended by Shanks and Dr. Glen Peters, secretary of the Environmental Protection Cabinet. Papadakis is a professor in the JMU Department of Integrated Science and Technology with research interests in energy management and on-farm energy use. If Papadakis agrees to contract with the county, she will serve as a arbitrator who will meet with citizens both for and against the wind turbine farm, and county officials to draw up a plan for presentation of the JPC.</p><p>“The result is that all parties want to get it right and we understand we are not in a foot race with Duke Energy,” said Estill.</p><p>Commissioners agreed to proceed with a dialog with Papadakis about contracting with the county.</p><p>In other business, the court:</p><p>— Discussed moving forward with removal of several hundred tires at the former Minerva School site to insure the asbestos covered tires are properly disposed of.</p><p>— Discussed the future of the former May’s Lick School Apartments, which have been vacant due to sewer system problems. County officials discussed boarding up the lower level windows of the building to secure the property since the owners of the property live out-of-state under jurisdiction of the county’s nuisance ordinance.</p><p>https://maysville-online.com/news/116148/progress-made-in-getting-wind-farm-issue-to-jpc/amp</p><p>***</p><p>But their arguments against solar are primarily cultural and based on appeals to nimbyism. They are, so weak that it is hard to take them seriously at face value. </p><p>They aren’t limited to Mason. They are repeated in campaigns across several states.</p><blockquote><p>Solar projects are also facing increased friction. In 2019, the town of Duanesburg, N.Y., imposed a six-month moratorium on new solar projects.106 Also in 2019, Maryland regulators denied a permit for a solar-energy project proposed for rural Charles County. The project, which was backed by Georgetown University, would have required clear-cutting some 210 acres of trees in a region that has been deemed an “important bird area,” meaning it is a rare remnant of large contiguous forest land.107 </p><p>Regulations aimed at restricting solar energy are less common than ones for wind energy. For instance, a 2020 survey of regulations in Michigan found that out of 1,800 local units of government, about 750 had rules regarding utility-scale wind energy projects while less than 300 had regulations on utility-scale solar. Some regulations are aimed at preserving farmland while others treat solar projects as though they were industrial projects. In 2019, Cambria, N.Y., rejected a 100-megawatt solar project that would have covered about 900 acres of the town with solar panels. Cambria Town Supervisor Wright Ellis said the project was rejected because it violated the town’s zoning laws on industrial installations.153 While regulations aimed at restricting solar energy are less common than those designed to stop wind energy, solar is growing far faster. Between 2008 and 2018, domestic solar production grew by an average of 53 percent per year while wind energy grew by about 14 percent per annum.154 Given that rapid growth, it is certain that more regulations aimed at restricting solar energy production will be adopted by rural communities in the years ahead.</p><p>https://files.americanexperiment.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Not-in-Our-Backyard-Robert-Bryce.pdf</p><p>https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-joe-bidens-solar-fantasy-20210913-yiwjsozbhnepfldscsmo5v4gda-story.html</p></blockquote><p>Shelby County Indiana: https://www.facebook.com/Citizens-Against-Industrialized-Solar-Plants-in-Southwestern-Shelby-County-118732933253853</p><p>Adams County: https://www.facebook.com/Say-No-Industrial-Solar-Adams-County-112908670415945</p><p>Nye County: https://pvtimes.com/news/nye-county-votes-to-oppose-rough-hat-solar-project-107447/?fbclid=IwAR15b87trpJnd-gOFKWvHTtZgqbK-JnASzKW09bTIQmPo7HhmDO1iYYz9II</p><p>Anti-green journalists are crafting them into a phenomenon. It would be interesting to know whether anyone has dug in. </p><p>https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertbryce/2021/12/22/build-it-and-they-wont-come--an-iowa-farmer-explains-backlash-against-big-solar/?sh=430f07e07541&fbclid=IwAR2qfBx2DSnvGmy1gVqq6nzA5CnhTFOZGBKTsnsPGM8HGETOW44F0vDU5aI</p><p>*** </p><p>Mason county stopped the wind power push. It may fend of solar too. And there will be other cases like it. And people like Bryce and networks of resistance will no doubt try to aggregate this into a force. But it is conceding too much to the opposition to suggest that this is an even fight. Right now at least the impetus for big renewable energy simply looks too strong. If Mason won’t take the money someone else will, like Fleming county just next door. </p><p>Resistance is by no means the only reaction. The first major solar project to receive final approval in Kentucky was in Fleming county, next door to Mason in May 2021. https://www.acciona.us/pressroom/news/2021/may/188mw-fleming-county-kentucky-solar-approved/</p><p>ACCIONA says it will be investing $200 million to build a 188 MW solar farm on 1500 acres.</p><p>https://mediacdn.acciona.com/media/dsyjp3sa/fleming-county-project-area-map.pdf#_ga=2.88882971.1837118077.1640955537-1616732047.1640955537</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vas4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vas4!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vas4!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vas4!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vas4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png" width="1440" height="902" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":902,"width":1440,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":771970,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vas4!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vas4!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vas4!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vas4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56c88e59-7bbd-416f-bc33-e383334e5749_1440x902.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>ACCIONA will invest almost $200 million in the Fleming County Solar Farm, which will have a significant economic impact on Fleming County, where it is located, with the creation of up to 300 jobs during construction, and local tax contributions to support the county and local school districts. In addition, the project will be part of ACCIONA’s Social Impact Management program, which reinvests a portion of the project’s annual revenue into community efforts to improve education, wellness and environmental stewardship.</p><p>The economic case at least as spelled out in the documents produced in the course of the approval process, is highly compelling. </p><p>Fleming county has a median household income of x. </p><p>Agriculture, long the primary economy no longer supports more than 15 percent of the population.</p><p>Tobbaco and dairy are no longer viable. </p><p>According to one economist employed to spell out the business case, the price of grain would have to more than double from its current level to match the revenue that a farmer can generate. </p><p>After the deal with ACCIONA, Fleming county is close to clinching a second.</p><p>Fleming needs the money. The proposals are harmless and should generate substantial tax revenue. </p><p>Above all what has to be reckoned with is the lack of alternative prospects. Farming certainly does not look like a good option. Bits of Kentucky are no doubt beautiful. But the crucial point is that solar is not intruding into a rural idyll. To call the landscape one of ruination (as Anna Tsing describes the broken forest regions. of the Pacific North West) would be exaggerated, but it certainly a “brownfield” site. Not a primal nature, or even a traditional agrarian landscape but one that has undergone repeated, market-driven transformation and is now far from a sustainable condition. </p><p></p><p></p><p>And the arguments offered are compelling. </p><p>https://solarformasoncounty.com/farmland-owners-guide/</p><p>In solar discussions an idealized pastoral life (bucolic atmosphere) is touted while disregarding what is needed to maintain land ownership</p><p>The loss of tobacco and dairy incomes demands alternative enterprises to support “bucolic life.” Let’s review current alternatives to support our community and support rural land ownership. The narrow, erratic margins in corn/soybeans push farmers to plant increasing acreage.</p><p>Continuous cash grain rotations reduce the topsoil’s organic matter and accelerate soil erosion. Chemicals applied to row crop fields may contaminate our watersheds.</p><p>Recent dramatic swings in cattle and feed prices, along with livestock mortality, make operating a profitable grade cow-calf operation a daunting task. Animal waste, unless carefully managed, can infiltrate our groundwater. Livestock on wet sod creates soil erosion.</p><p>Solar farms can replace Kentucky’s lost dairy or tobacco revenue and help support land ownership. Solar farms improve our quality of life by reducing soil erosion and water pollution from animal waste and field chemicals. Solar farms can also provide a substantial revenue stream to support land ownership and help support community services. It is fairly normal for 100 acres in a solar farm to contribute $24,000 yearly to community taxing authorities.</p><p>It is important to remember that solar farms do not require natural gas, city water, landfill capacity, rail, river, or extensive roads.</p><p>https://solarformasoncounty.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/part2.pdf</p><p>ACCIONA is not giving up its plan to build solar in Mason.</p><p>https://maysville-online.com/719/192593/acciona-investment-is-a-win-for-mason-county</p><p>On August 10, ACCIONA held a ribbon cutting at its Maysville office at 8 W 2nd Street in Maysville with the Maysville-Mason County Area Chamber of Commerce. It was attended by more than 40 locals interested in the project, and allowed us to thank the almost 20 local businesses and organizations that we have worked with since we first announced our plans for a solar energy project with a BBQ catered by the May’s Lick Dinner Bell in March.</p><p>Today, we want to share more about the project and about who we are.</p><p>ACCIONA Energy is a global renewable energy company that has solar energy projects across the globe. Earlier this year, the company broke ground on its first two solar PV projects in the United States – one in Texas and another in Illinois. By the end of this year, we’re hoping to break ground on our first project in Kentucky.</p><p>ACCIONA has been active in the United States for two decades. Our US team is made up of more than 200 employees based throughout our project sites and at our Chicago headquarters. We’re proud to hire local – from our on-site technicians in South Texas to our construction in Illinois. That commitment will extend to Mason County. Hiring local ensures our employees are rooted in the community. That’s good for us and its good for the communities that we live and work in.</p><p>We are also committed to our social impact management program, which re-invests each project’s revenues into the community it operates in. For example, we have helped a school district in Texas build a STEM lab for its middle school students and helped a volunteer fire department buy safety equipment. We’ve awarded more than $250,000 in college scholarships to college students who graduated from schools in our project communities. Our social and environmental responsibilities are central to everything we do.</p><p>We can make long-term commitments because we are project developer, builder, and operator. When ACCIONA announces a project, it is the start of a decades-long engagement. We are here for the long haul. If anything breaks, we fix it.</p><p>The estimated private investment ACCIONA is making in the Mason County project is more than $200M. At peak construction, we estimate, the project will create more than 400 jobs. We estimate an operations team of five to 10 technicians on-site. The project will pay taxes which will support local schools and the county with millions of dollars over the life of the project. Solar energy provides great value because these revenues come without increasing the demand on schools or first responders, the way that other developments like residential sub-divisions do.</p><p>Solar generation is a quiet, passive energy source. There are no smokestacks, no discharge, no cooling ponds, no ash pits. Solar panels generate electricity when light strikes silicon cells in the panels. The panels, which are made primarily of common, recyclable elements like silicon, glass, and steel, are fully encased and sealed. Our plan is to use bi-facial panels on trackers that follow the sun. This will maximize the output of the panels. The maximum height of the assembly will not exceed 15 feet, making the rows of panels shorter than any home or barn in the area, and making screening possible with plantings. Our engineers will design the project to place inverters so no sound will be audible beyond the project boundary.</p><p>Our plan is to use native plantings below the panels. Their deep roots will help with potential stormwater runoff and limit dust by preventing erosion and soil loss. They’ll help pollinators, which are critical to food production, and help recharge and restore the topsoil for possible future uses.</p><p>Our agreements with participating landowners were made voluntarily, and we will stand with them every step of the way. There are many reasons landowners choose to join a project, some do it to hold on to a family farm and keep it from being sub-divided, others to support family, or still others to advance clean energy. Whatever the reason, our landowners have been clear – they want to support Mason County.</p><p>We hope this answers some questions about our proposal. We want ACCIONA’s private investment in Mason County, and our commitment to community, the environment and job creation through a modern, clean energy project to be a winner for the county.</p><p>If you have questions, please stop by our office, call Austin at 606-733-7175, or email us at MasonCountySolar@acciona.com. We’re hoping to be valued neighbors to you now and in the future.</p><p>***</p><p></p><p>As one veteran cattle farmer put it to me: “The people that oppose these schemes are the ones not leasing their land to them.”</p><p>I’ll leave the last word to Rich Patterson of Cedar Rapids:</p><blockquote><p>I was amused to spot a sign that said “No Industrial Solar” placed near a cornfield north of Cedar Rapids. Modern cornfields are industrial solar. Plants use the sun's energy to grow and create seeds. Over application of nitrates and other chemicals in these industrial solar crops degrades water quality.</p></blockquote><!--
{
"post_id": "47113895.greenflation",
"post_date": "",
"is_published": false,
"email_sent_at": "",
"inbox_sent_at": "",
"type": "newsletter",
"audience": "only_paid",
"title": "",
"subtitle": ""
}
-->
<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oywp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdeda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oywp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdeda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oywp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdeda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oywp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdeda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oywp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdeda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/deda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png" width="1100" height="755" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/deda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":755,"width":1100,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":1599216,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oywp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdeda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oywp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdeda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oywp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdeda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oywp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdeda4dd7-f2f2-4be1-b666-35d30e15b08b_1472x1010.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>https://tldinsight.com/greenflation/</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5zU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5zU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5zU!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5zU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5zU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png" width="1100" height="603" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":603,"width":1100,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":181462,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5zU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5zU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5zU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5zU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb193269-9b85-4e51-8584-d4f65c9ac2ae_1430x784.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>https://progressiveeconomyforum.com/blog/the-economic-mainstream-is-getting-inflation-wrong/</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z5mJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z5mJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z5mJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z5mJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z5mJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png" width="774" height="1094" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1094,"width":774,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":197109,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z5mJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z5mJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z5mJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Z5mJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa31bbc54-2aac-44ad-8a64-20cb47faf34f_774x1094.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>https://www.bis.org/publ/qtrpdf/r_qt2109v.htm</p><p>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-01-17/dalio-says-thank-god-oil-is-still-pumping-amid-inflation-scare?sref=wOrDP8KX</p><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{"url":"https://twitter.com/PeterBofinger/status/1480455916046725121?s=20","full_text":"Do the green transition and higher energy prices pose unavoidable inflation risks? The experience from the 2000s shows that the increase of oil prices by almost 600 % from 1999 to 2011 did not prevent the ECB from reaching its inflation target in the medium term.<span class=\"tweet-fake-link\">@Isabel_Schnabel</span> ","username":"PeterBofinger","name":"Peter Bofinger","date":"Mon Jan 10 08:26:10 +0000 2022","photos":[{"img_url":"https://pbs.substack.com/media/FIuiJ4CWUAIBZXy.png","link_url":"https://t.co/7GyuwAdk6y","alt_text":null}],"quoted_tweet":{},"retweet_count":6,"like_count":22,"expanded_url":{},"video_url":null,"belowTheFold":true}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/PeterBofinger/status/1480455916046725121?s=20" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/PeterBofinger.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @PeterBofinger" loading="lazy"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">Peter Bofinger </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@PeterBofinger</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">Do the green transition and higher energy prices pose unavoidable inflation risks? The experience from the 2000s shows that the increase of oil prices by almost 600 % from 1999 to 2011 did not prevent the ECB from reaching its inflation target in the medium term.<span class="tweet-fake-link">@Isabel_Schnabel</span> </div><div class="tweet-photos-container one"><div class="tweet-photo-wrapper "><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8leP!,w_600,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.substack.com%2Fmedia%2FFIuiJ4CWUAIBZXy.png"><img class="tweet-photo" src="https://pbs.substack.com/media/FIuiJ4CWUAIBZXy.png" alt="Image" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/PeterBofinger/status/1480455916046725121?s=20" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">8:26 AM ∙ Jan 10, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/PeterBofinger/status/1480455916046725121?s=20/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">22</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/PeterBofinger/status/1480455916046725121?s=20/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">6</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div><p>Please use the sharing tools found via the share button at the top or side of articles. Copying articles to share with others is a breach of <a href="https://www.ft.com">FT.com</a> <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/terms-conditions/">T&Cs</a> and <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/copyright/copyright-policy/">Copyright Policy</a>. Email <a href="mailto:licensing@ft.com">licensing@ft.com</a> to buy additional rights. Subscribers may share up to 10 or 20 articles per month using the gift article service. More information can be <a href="https://www.ft.com/tour">found here</a>. <br><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/f9a18c13-daba-4bb8-a327-38b38e31d254">https://www.ft.com/content/f9a18c13-daba-4bb8-a327-38b38e31d254</a><br><br>As Americans feel the pinch from elevated energy prices this winter, the Biden administration remains under intense political pressure to lessen the burden. The White House last week laid out plans to distribute the biggest ever sum in the four-decade history of the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program, which had its funding doubled by last year’s $1.9tn stimulus bill. Allotments will vary by state, with colder states like New York, Massachusetts, and Michigan receiving a larger proportion of funds. The US Energy Information Administration expects natural gas bills to be up 30 per cent this winter as supply constraints and rising demand send prices higher. Last week, power and natural gas prices in the US north-east jumped to their highest levels in four years as households grappled with the season’s first big snowstorm. While all Americans are paying higher prices, they don’t equally bear the brunt. According to the US Census’ Household Pulse Survey in December, Black Americans, families with children, and families earning below $25,000 were more likely to report being unable to pay their energy bill at least once during the past year. (Amanda Chu)</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHUt!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHUt!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHUt!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHUt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHUt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png" width="884" height="1030" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1030,"width":884,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":272281,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHUt!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHUt!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHUt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHUt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F297b7856-1b9f-4ce1-bc21-571430f3f9f5_884x1030.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OS92!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OS92!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OS92!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OS92!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OS92!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png" width="1100" height="783" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":783,"width":1100,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":158937,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OS92!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OS92!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OS92!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OS92!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd7a5fec8-7528-41ed-b215-4ef63e00ed8f_1118x796.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><!--
{
"post_id": "47166358.ending-coal-usa",
"post_date": "",
"is_published": false,
"email_sent_at": "",
"inbox_sent_at": "",
"type": "newsletter",
"audience": "only_paid",
"title": "",
"subtitle": ""
}
-->
<p>https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/01/10/manchin-bbb-coal-miners-vs-owners/</p><!--
{
"post_id": "47226587.fracking",
"post_date": "",
"is_published": false,
"email_sent_at": "",
"inbox_sent_at": "",
"type": "newsletter",
"audience": "only_paid",
"title": "",
"subtitle": ""
}
-->
<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ryrq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ryrq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ryrq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ryrq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ryrq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png" width="1100" height="866" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":866,"width":1100,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":206586,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ryrq!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ryrq!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ryrq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ryrq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85640d1c-e41b-44cb-800d-b1d022471a94_1492x1174.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DN9H!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DN9H!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DN9H!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DN9H!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DN9H!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png" width="1100" height="797" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":797,"width":1100,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":149352,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DN9H!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DN9H!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DN9H!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DN9H!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1d75fa0-f0a7-4aeb-b6d5-5ba73816442b_1486x1076.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>https://www.ran.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/RAN_OCI_Fracking_Fiasco.pdf</p><!--
{
"post_id": "47226924.global-gas",
"post_date": "",
"is_published": false,
"email_sent_at": "",
"inbox_sent_at": "",
"type": "newsletter",
"audience": "only_paid",
"title": "",
"subtitle": ""
}
-->
<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bP6k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bP6k!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bP6k!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bP6k!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bP6k!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png" width="926" height="698" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":698,"width":926,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":73257,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"internalRedirect":null,"isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bP6k!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bP6k!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bP6k!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bP6k!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6c0e5795-3052-4b78-8ef1-d8cd3aad39f1_926x698.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{"url":"https://twitter.com/ntsafos/status/1499764749676040192?s=20&t=4fTCz-kgkWYKs_09V9-9Wg","full_text":"What could a 🇺🇸🇪🇺 LNG deal look like?\n\nEurope helps boost U.S. LNG supply to replace Russian gas. Then, in the 2030s, that LNG goes to Asia to kill coal. Add strict methane controls and an end-date to not \"lock in\" emissions, and it's a win-win-win. 👇<a class=\"tweet-url\" href=\"https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-us-lng-could-help-europe-and-climate\">csis.org/analysis/how-u…</a>","username":"ntsafos","name":"Nikos Tsafos","date":"Fri Mar 04 15:12:35 +0000 2022","photos":[],"quoted_tweet":{},"retweet_count":51,"like_count":108,"expanded_url":{"url":"https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-us-lng-could-help-europe-and-climate","image":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c082caee-2518-40e9-aca9-252e7487a4e9_4906x3158.jpeg","title":"How U.S. LNG Could Help Europe and Climate","description":"The war in Ukraine is leading Europe to fundamentally reassess its dependence on Russian gas. Across the Atlantic, in the United States, a dozen fully permitted liquefied natural gas (LNG) export projects await investors so they can start construction. This is an obvious trade: Shouldn’t Europe rely…","domain":"csis.org"},"video_url":null,"belowTheFold":false}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/ntsafos/status/1499764749676040192?s=20&t=4fTCz-kgkWYKs_09V9-9Wg" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/ntsafos.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @ntsafos"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">Nikos Tsafos </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@ntsafos</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">What could a 🇺🇸🇪🇺 LNG deal look like?
Europe helps boost U.S. LNG supply to replace Russian gas. Then, in the 2030s, that LNG goes to Asia to kill coal. Add strict methane controls and an end-date to not "lock in" emissions, and it's a win-win-win. 👇<a class="tweet-url" href="https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-us-lng-could-help-europe-and-climate" target="_blank">csis.org/analysis/how-u…</a></div><a class="expanded-link" href="https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-us-lng-could-help-europe-and-climate" target="_blank"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c082caee-2518-40e9-aca9-252e7487a4e9_4906x3158.jpeg" class="expanded-link-img"><div class="expanded-link-bottom"><span class="expanded-link-domain">csis.org</span><span class="expanded-link-title">How U.S. LNG Could Help Europe and Climate</span><span class="expanded-link-description">The war in Ukraine is leading Europe to fundamentally reassess its dependence on Russian gas. Across the Atlantic, in the United States, a dozen fully permitted liquefied natural gas (LNG) export projects await investors so they can start construction. This is an obvious trade: Shouldn’t Europe rely…</span></div></a></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/ntsafos/status/1499764749676040192?s=20&t=4fTCz-kgkWYKs_09V9-9Wg" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">3:12 PM ∙ Mar 4, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/ntsafos/status/1499764749676040192?s=20&t=4fTCz-kgkWYKs_09V9-9Wg/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">108</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/ntsafos/status/1499764749676040192?s=20&t=4fTCz-kgkWYKs_09V9-9Wg/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">51</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div><p>https://globalenergymonitor.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Asia-CoalBustGasBoom-Briefing_final.pdf</p><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{"url":"https://twitter.com/ThabitSenior/status/1500197585369325577?s=20&t=31CSP-sg37HBGgSCSH_RKQ","full_text":"But most natural gas projects in Africa are facing delays for various reasons as we have seen in Mozambique and Tanzania ","username":"ThabitSenior","name":"Thabit Jacob","date":"Sat Mar 05 19:52:31 +0000 2022","photos":[{"img_url":"https://pbs.substack.com/media/FNHFwN2XsAIzuEt.jpg","link_url":"https://t.co/X37Qg5JWOv","alt_text":null}],"quoted_tweet":{},"retweet_count":4,"like_count":10,"expanded_url":{},"video_url":null,"belowTheFold":false}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/ThabitSenior/status/1500197585369325577?s=20&t=31CSP-sg37HBGgSCSH_RKQ" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/ThabitSenior.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @ThabitSenior"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">Thabit Jacob </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@ThabitSenior</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">But most natural gas projects in Africa are facing delays for various reasons as we have seen in Mozambique and Tanzania </div><div class="tweet-photos-container one"><div class="tweet-photo-wrapper "><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-h4!,w_600,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.substack.com%2Fmedia%2FFNHFwN2XsAIzuEt.jpg"><img class="tweet-photo" src="https://pbs.substack.com/media/FNHFwN2XsAIzuEt.jpg" alt="Image"></picture></div></div></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/ThabitSenior/status/1500197585369325577?s=20&t=31CSP-sg37HBGgSCSH_RKQ" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">7:52 PM ∙ Mar 5, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/ThabitSenior/status/1500197585369325577?s=20&t=31CSP-sg37HBGgSCSH_RKQ/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">10</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/ThabitSenior/status/1500197585369325577?s=20&t=31CSP-sg37HBGgSCSH_RKQ/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">4</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div>No children (leaf entity)