Faculty Meetings and Reports, 1863-1864

Version: 10 (current) | Updated: 11/14/2025, 4:17:26 PM

Added description

Description

Minutes of Faculty Meetings and Thesis Presentations (Drexel College of Medicine, 1864)

Overview

This collection (PINAX ID 01KA1HKJ7F230KV7QKWPHJP63A) contains scanned minutes, evaluations, and voting records from faculty meetings held at the Drexel College of Medicine in February and March 1864. The documents are in English, presented as high‑resolution JPEG/TIFF images, and accompanied by an OCR‑derived text file. The collection is held in the “final‑drexel‑university” institutional repository and covers the period from 8 February to 18 March 1864.

Background

The Drexel College of Medicine, then part of the Free Medical College in Philadelphia, convened faculty to discuss academic matters during the Civil War era. Faculty members included President E.H. Chamberlain, Secretary E.H. Cleveland, and professors such as Prof. Sample, Prof. Kerr, and Prof. Preston. The meetings reflected the college’s expanding program, which admitted female medical students—a progressive development for the time.

Contents

  • Meeting minutes (Feb 8, Feb 26, Mar 12, Mar 18 1864): Attendance lists, agenda items, and resolutions.
  • Thesis presentations: Names and titles of eight female candidates (e.g., Amelia Longfellow, Amrita Tyng, Betsey Dyson, Maria Putnam) and brief summaries of their theses (e.g., “Masonry,” “Culmination & abortion,” “Cervical Hemorrhage”).
  • Evaluation reports: Faculty comments on each thesis, noting completeness and scholarly merit.
  • Voting records: Tables of white and black votes for each candidate’s recommendation to the corporation.
  • Correspondence and protests: Letters from faculty and students (e.g., Edwin Turner’s protest of Maria Putnam’s admission) that accompany the minutes.

Scope

The collection documents administrative processes surrounding the examination and graduation of female medical students during the specified period. It includes minutes, thesis evaluations, voting results, and related correspondence but does not contain the full texts of the theses themselves or broader institutional records outside February–March 1864. The materials provide insight into 19th‑century medical education, gender inclusion, and faculty governance in the United States.

Entities

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Entity Relationships

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Raw Cheimarros Data

**1. Create the collection entity that aggregates the 1863‑1864 faculty‑meeting material**

```
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection {type: "digital collection",
                                        title: "Faculty Meetings and Reports, 1863‑1864",
                                        description: "Minutes, reports, financial statements, theses and examinations from Drexel University faculty meetings (1863‑1864)",
                                        institution: @final_drexel_university,
                                        language: "en",
                                        subjects: ["Faculty meetings","Academic administration","Lectures","Scholarships","College finances","Educational expenditures","Student theses","Medical education","Women in Medicine","Financial reports","Annual meetings","Examinations"] }
```

**2. Link the PINAX metadata file to the collection**

```
@file_pinax -> documents -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection {description: "PINAX metadata record for the 1863‑1864 faculty‑meeting collection"}
```

**3. Link the image asset (a092_001_161.tif) to the collection (no OCR text available)**

```
@file_a092_001_161_tif -> part of -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection {description: "Scanned image from the 1863‑1864 faculty‑meeting archive (no OCR text)"}
```

**4. Connect the creators listed in the PINAX record to the collection (they are the same persons that appear in the meeting, financial‑report and thesis sub‑directories)**  

*(Only the first appearance of each creator is shown; subsequent appearances are omitted for brevity.)*

```
@sample -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@kerr -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@preston -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@scarlett -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@cleveland -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@dr_fussell -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@dr_garrison -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@prof_furnell -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@lanlatt -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@russell -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@boates -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@dr_temple -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@dr_fennell -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@erwin_freuler -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@e_h_chamberlain -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@edwin_russell -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@a_preston -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@e_h_cleveland -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
@edwin_turner -> contributed to -> @faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection
```

**5. Show that the collection *includes* the core meeting events from both years**

```
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @faculty_meetings_1863:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @meeting_aug_11_1863:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @meeting_oct_12_1863:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @meeting_oct_28_1863:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @meeting_oct_31_1863:event

@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @annual_meeting_30th:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @faculty_meeting_feb4_1864:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @faculty_meeting_feb8_1864:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @faculty_meeting_feb12_1864:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @faculty_meeting_feb15_1864:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @faculty_meeting_feb20_1864:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @faculty_meeting_feb26_1864:event
@faculty_meetings_1863_1864:collection -> includes -> @faculty_meeting_mar4_1864:event
@faculty_meetings_1864:event -> includes -> @faculty_meeting_mar6_1864:event
@faculty_meetings_1864:event -> includes -> @faculty_meeting_mar18_1864:event
```

**6. Synthesis – People who appear across sub‑directories (meetings, financial reports, theses)**  

| Person | Roles in 1863 meetings | Roles in 1864 meetings & reports | Appearances in theses/examinations |
|--------|-----------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------|
| @sample | Attended Oct 12 1863 meeting | Professor (Feb 8 1864 meeting) | – |
| @kerr | – | Professor (Feb 8 1864 meeting) | – |
| @preston | Attended Aug 11 & Oct 12 & Oct 28 1863 meetings; Secretary of Oct 12 1863 meeting | Secretary (signed treasurer report, Feb 12 1864 meeting) | – |
| @scarlett | Attended Aug 11 & Oct 12 & Oct 28 1863 meetings | Professor (appointed to Museum Committee, Feb 8 1864) | – |
| @cleveland | Secretary of 1863 meetings; attended all 1863 meetings | Professor (Feb 8 1864 meeting) | – |
| @dr_fussell | Communicated death of sister (Oct 12 1863) | – | – |
| @dr_garrison | Gave official introduction lecture (Oct 12 1863) | – | – |
| @prof_furnell | Attended Oct 28 1863 meeting | – | – |
| @lanlatt | Attended Oct 28 1863 meeting | – | – |
| @russell | Attended Aug 11 1863 meeting | Professor (Feb 8 1864 meeting) | – |
| @boates | Attended Aug 11 1863 meeting; tasked with report on Dr. Fennell’s Antiques | Professor (Feb 8 1864 meeting) | – |
| @dr_temple | Tasked to report from Invercular Committee (Aug 11 1863) | Professor (appointed to Museum Committee, Feb 8 1864) | – |
| @dr_fennell | Owner of “Dr. Fennell’s Antiques” (Aug 11 1863) | – | – |
| @erwin_freuler | – | Dean (signed expenditure report, Jan 8 1864) | – |
| @e_h_chamberlain | – | President (Feb 8 1864 meeting) | – |
| @edwin_russell | – | Professor (attended Feb 8 1864 meeting) | – |
| @a_preston | – | Secretary (signed treasurer report, Jan 8 1864) | – |
| @e_h_cleveland | – | Secretary (Feb 8 1864 meeting) | – |
| @edwin_turner | – | Protested admission of Mary Putnam (Mar 12 1864) | – |
| @amelia_longfellow | – | Student (presented thesis “Masonry”, Feb 8 1864) | – |
| @amrita_tyng | – | Student (presented thesis “Culmination & abortion”, Feb 8 1864) | – |
| @betsey_dyson | – | Student (admitted to examination, required extra Chemistry ticket) | – |
| @maria_putnam | – | Student (admitted to examination, ticket returned) | – |
| @dr_lewis | – | Evaluated thesis of Miss Putnam (Mar 18 1864) | – |
| @dr_blackwell, @dr_perry | – | Corresponded about Miss Rutman’s ticket (Mar 20 1864) | – |
| @dr_buskin | – | Authorized advertisement of Commencement (Mar 20 1864) | – |
| @dr_kerr | – | Motion to return New York Med Coll. ticket (Feb 26 1864) | – |
| @dr_preston | – | Motion to admit Miss Putnam (Feb 26 1864) | – |
| @dr_samplo | – | Resolved graduation recommendation (Mar 12 1864) | – |

**7. Temporal & thematic links across the collection**

```
@meeting_oct_12_1863:event -> led to -> @annual_meeting_30th:event {when: @date_1864_01_04, note: "Financial decisions from Oct 12 1863 (treasurer distribution) were formalised at the 30th Annual Meeting"}
@annual_meeting_30th:event -> produced -> @expenditure_report:document
@annual_meeting_30th:event -> produced -> @treasurer_report:document
@annual_meeting_30th:event -> produced -> @secretary_expenditure_report:document

@faculty_meeting_feb8_1864:event -> presented -> [@amelia_longfellow, @amrita_tyng, @betsey_dyson, @maria_putnam] {note: "Female medical students presented theses; later admitted to examinations"}
@faculty_meeting_feb8_1864:event -> scheduled -> @examination_mar10_1864:event
@examination_mar10_1864:event -> admitted -> [@betsey_dyson, @maria_putnam] {condition: "ticket requirements satisfied"}

@faculty_meeting_feb26_1864:event -> resolved -> @commencement_mar16_1864:event
@faculty_meeting_mar18_1864:event -> reported -> @women_hospital:organization {purpose: "use of hospital field for commencement exercises"}

@faculty_meeting_mar12_1864:event -> voting result -> @amelia_lumpkins:person {white_votes: 69, black_votes: 1}
@faculty_meeting_mar12_1864:event -> resolved -> @recommend_graduation:event {candidates: [@amelia_lumpkins, @anita_long, @eliza_pittingsill, @dora_sweney, @aurlie_raymond, @mary_putnam],
                                                      criteria: "≥60 white votes"}
```

**8. Cross‑subdirectory synthesis – how the collection ties together the three source domains**

* **People** – The same faculty (e.g., @preston, @cleveland, @scarlett, @russell) appear as meeting attendees (1863), as signatories of financial reports (1864), and as committee members or examiners for student theses (1864).  
* **Financial flow** – Decisions made in the 1863 meetings (e.g., the $447 distribution on Oct 12 1863) are reflected in the expenditure and treasurer reports produced at the 30th Annual Meeting (Jan 4 1864). Both sets of documents are catalogued in the collection.  
* **Student progression** – Female students who presented theses in February 1864 (e.g., @amelia_longfellow, @betsey_dyson) are later tracked through ticket‑related examinations, graduation voting, and the final commencement ceremony (March 16 1864). The collection links thesis documents, examination events, and the graduation resolution.  
* **Administrative continuity** – The dean (@erwin_freuler) and president (@e_h_chamberlain) who appear in the PINAX creator list also sign financial documents and preside over the annual meeting, demonstrating institutional continuity across the two years.  

**Result:** The knowledge graph now captures a unified view of the 1863‑1864 faculty‑meeting ecosystem—people, meetings, financial decisions, student scholarly activity, and institutional milestones—showing how each sub‑directory contributes to the overarching collection.

Metadata

Files (1)

Version History (10 versions)

  • ✓ v10 (current) · 11/14/2025, 4:17:26 PM
    "Added description"
  • v9 · 11/14/2025, 4:12:08 PM · View this version
    "Added knowledge graph extraction"
  • v8 · 11/14/2025, 4:01:37 PM · View this version
    "Added PINAX metadata"
  • v7 · 11/14/2025, 4:01:14 PM · View this version
    "Added PINAX metadata"
  • v6 · 11/14/2025, 3:57:03 PM · View this version
    "Reorganized into 4 groups"
  • v5 · 11/14/2025, 3:57:02 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01KA1HB655K7VHE6XJHCEZHW58"
  • v4 · 11/14/2025, 3:57:01 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01KA1HB4H9VQC3PDNDAV4N1E2Q"
  • v3 · 11/14/2025, 3:56:59 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01KA1HB35ZVXFW693D5K1M84FF"
  • v2 · 11/14/2025, 3:56:58 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01KA1HB1VQ3NS6P5SM26RMTFAF"
  • v1 · 11/14/2025, 3:56:08 PM · View this version
    "Alphabetical chunk 9/11 (40 files)"

Additional Components

reorganization-description.txt
# Reorganization Summary

The files were organized into logical groups based on their content, primarily focusing on faculty meetings, financial reports, and theses/examinations. The grouping was done by year (1863 and 1864) to maintain chronological order, and thematic groups were created for financial reports and theses/examinations to highlight specific types of content. Files without OCR content were assigned to groups based on their filenames and metadata. One file, 'a092_001_161.tif.ref.json', did not fit into any logical group and was placed in the ungrouped_files category.

## Groups Created

- **Faculty_Meetings_1863**: Files containing records of faculty meetings held in 1863, including discussions on lectures, scholarships, and financial matters.
- **Faculty_Meetings_1864**: Files containing records of faculty meetings held in 1864, including discussions on examinations, theses, and commencement preparations.
- **Financial_Reports**: Files containing financial reports and expenditures related to the college.
- **Theses_and_Examinations**: Files containing records of theses submitted by students and discussions related to examinations.

Parent

01KA1H1YDAM04RP21PTR1JNE6Z

Children (4)