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THE PASSIONATE PILGRIM
conceits¹ by popular authors which had been ‘held back from publishing’ and ‘kept in private’. He depended for access to such treasures ‘according as they could be obtained by sight on favour of copying’. ‘Extant’ work was not excluded from his piratical undertaking. Eight of his pieces were already in print, but it seems probable that even in those cases he had met with the text in stray manuscript copies, and that he mistook them for ‘private’ instead of ‘extant’ compositions. There is no question that he was successful in acquiring two of the ‘private’ pieces by Shakespeare, the existence of which had been publicly vouched for by Meres. Three other poems by Shakespeare, which he included, were already in print, imbedded in a published play. But Jaggard was probably ignorant of the fact, and derived his text of these pieces also from independent transcripts in ‘private’ hands.¹
On the opening pages of his volume Jaggard set out two of that collection of Shakespeare’s sonnets which was not published until ten years later. The two sonnets are numbered, in the full edition of 1609, CXXXVIII and CXLIV respectively. Jaggard’s text differs at many points from that of the later volume. He clearly derived his text from detached copies privately circulating among collectors of verse. Thereby, in spite of his insolent defiance of the author’s rights or wishes, he rendered lovers of literature a genuine service.
Jaggard seems to have presented an earlier recension of the text than figured in the edition of 1609. The poet’s second thoughts do not seem to have been always better than his
¹ Two careful analyses of the contents of *The Passionate Pilgrim* should be mentioned: one, by Mr. Charles Edmonds, is in the Isham Reprints—*The Passionate Pilgrime* from the First Edition, 1870; the other, by Professor Dowden, is in the photo-lithographic facsimile of the First Edition (Shakspere-Quarto facsimiles, No. 10).
The contents:
Shakespeare’s contributions.
Nos. I and II (Sonnets cxxxviii and cxliv).
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