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- Notes
143
long vowel or diphthong, are often made dissyllables ; z.% fare (see
on iii. 4. <)"]), fear, dear, fire, hair, hour, more, your, etc. If
the word is repeated in a verse it is often both monosyllable and
dissyllable; as in/. C. iii. i. 172 : "As fire drives out fire, so pity,
pity," where the first fire is a dissyllable.
{c) Words containing / or r, preceded by another consonant,
are often pronounced as if a vowel came between or after the con-
sonants ;as in T. of S. ii. I. 158 : " While she did call me rascal
fiddler" [fiddl(e)er] ; All's Well, iii. 5. 43 : "If you will tarry,
holy pilgrim" [pilg(e)rim] ; C. of E. v. i. 360: "These are the
parents of these children " (childeren, the original form of the
word) ; W. T. iv. 4. 76 : "Grace and remembrance [rememb(e)-
rance] be to you both ! " etc.
{d) Monosyllabic exclamations {ay, O, yea, nay, hail, etc.) and
monosyllables otherwise emphasized are similarly lengthened ;
also certain longer words ; as safety (trisyllable) in Ham. i. 3. 21 ;
business (trisyllable, as originally pronounced) in J. C. iv. i. 22:
" To groan and sweat under the business " (so in several other
passages); and other words mentioned in the notes to the plays
in which they occur.
6. Words are also contracted for metrical reasons, like plurals
and possessives ending in a sibilant, as balance, horse (for horses
and horse's^, princess, sejise, marriage (plural and possessive),
etc. So with many adjectives in the superlative (like coldest,
sternest, kijtd'st, secrefst, etc.), and certain other words.
7. The accent of words is also varied in many instances for met-
rical reasons. Thus we find both revenue and revenue in the first
scene of the M. N. D. (line 6 and 158), extreme (see on iv. 4. Ii)
and extreme, cdntrary and contrdry, pursue and pursue, etc.
These instances of variable accent must not be confounded with
those in which words were uniformly accented differently in the
time of Shakespeare; like aspect, impSrtune, sepulchre (verb),
per sever (never persevere^, perseverance, rheumatic, etc.
8. Alexandrines, or verses of twelve syllables, with six accents,
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