Food and Agriculture Newsletter Collection

Version: 4 (current) | Updated: 11/13/2025, 6:22:03 AM

Added description

Description

Food and Agriculture Newsletter Collection

Overview

The Food and Agriculture Newsletter Collection is a digital archive created in 2022 by Adam Tooze and housed at the test‑tooze institution. It consists of two English‑language newsletters—Food Crisis (June 2 2022) and Top Links #90 Corn & Hope (August 16 2022)—and related metadata. The collection is accessible through a placeholder URL and is licensed under copyright by Chartbook Newsletter.

Background

Adam Tooze, a noted author and analyst, compiled the collection to document the evolving global food crisis triggered by the Ukraine war and its broader economic repercussions. The newsletters were produced for a paid‑subscriber audience and draw on reports from the International Rescue Committee, the Ukrainian Grain Association, and other industry sources. The collection is part of the PINAX digital repository, which aggregates thematic research documents.

Food Crisis: An analytical newsletter that links the Ukraine war to global food security, price spikes, and supply‑chain disruptions. It cites the World Bank’s definition of extreme poverty, discusses fertilizer imports, and highlights the economic impact of rising diesel prices on farmers. The newsletter references key actors such as Aliko Dangote (Dangote Fertiliser Plant) and Macky Sall (Senegal’s president).
Top Links #90 Corn & Hope: A curated list of links covering corn markets, the concept of peak agricultural land, and the contrast between chronos and kairos. It includes commentary on de‑globalisation and the role of grain terminals such as Gn Terminal in Odessa.
Metadata and Cross‑References: The collection links to additional entities—places (Ukraine, Middle East, Africa, etc.), concepts (price spike, fertilizer, insurance), and organizations (International Rescue Committee, Razoni Shipping Ltd). These cross‑references provide contextual depth for researchers exploring the nexus of agriculture, economics, and geopolitics.

Scope

The collection focuses on the period of 2022, covering the global food crisis, agricultural challenges, and economic impacts of the Ukraine war. It includes geographic coverage of Ukraine, the Middle East, Central Asia, Africa, and key global markets such as the United States, Europe, and Spain. Topics span food security, commodity prices, fertilizer supply, and policy responses (e.g., the Maputo Declaration). The collection does not address unrelated subjects such as automotive wiring or historical Roman sites, which are mentioned only as peripheral references.

Entities

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Entity Relationships

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Raw Cheimarros Data

@file_pinax -> documents -> @food_and_agriculture_collection:document {title: "Food and Agriculture Newsletter Collection", type: "Collection", creator: [@adam_tooze:person], institution: "test-tooze", created: @date_2022, language: "en", subjects: ["food crisis","agriculture","Ukraine war","global food security","economic impact","food prices","farming","crop production","fertilizer","food exports"], description: "A collection of newsletters discussing the global food crisis, its economic impacts, and agricultural challenges exacerbated by the Ukraine war.", rights: "Copyright by Chartbook Newsletter", places: [@ukraine, @middle_east, @central_asia, @africa, @ghana, @nigeria, @kenya, @syria, @europe, @united_states, @galicia_spain, @london_uk, @new_york_usa]}

@adam_tooze:person {full_name: "Adam Tooze", role: "creator of collection"}

@file_64657663_food_crisis -> documents -> @food_crisis_newsletter:document {title: "Food Crisis", type: "newsletter", audience: "only_paid", is_published: false, language: "en", subjects: ["food crisis","Ukraine war","global food security","food prices","fertilizer","food exports"], description: "Analysis of the global food crisis intensified by the Ukraine war, including economic impacts, price spikes, and supply chain disruptions.", author: @david_pilling:person, published_on: @date_2022_06_02}

@david_pilling:person {full_name: "David Pilling", role: "author of FT article"}

@file_68949178_top_links_90_corn_and_hope -> documents -> @top_links_90_corn_and_hope:document {title: "Top Links #90 Corn & hope, peak agriculture land, America the unglobalized", type: "newsletter", audience: "only_paid", is_published: true, created: @date_2022_08_16, language: "en", description: "Curated links on corn markets, the concept of peak agricultural land, and commentary on de‑globalisation.", author: @adam_tooze, subjects: ["corn","peak agriculture land","globalisation"]}

# People mentioned
@kornelis_huizinga:person {full_name: "Kornelis Huizinga", occupation: "Dutch farmer", residence: @ukraine, farms: @kyshchentsi:place}
@aliko_dangote:person {full_name: "Aliko Dangote", occupation: "businessman", nationality: @nigeria, role: "founder of Dangote Fertiliser Plant"}
@macky_sall:person {full_name: "Macky Sall", role: "President of Senegal", position: "Chair of the African Union"}
@vladimir_putin:person {full_name: "Vladimir Putin"}  # common knowledge, reference only
@mykhailo_lazarenko:person {full_name: "Mykhailo Lazarenko", occupation: "Ukrainian farmer", farms: @podilsk:place}
@bohdan_chomiak:person {full_name: "Bohdan Chomiak", role: "board member of GN Terminal"}
@philipp_heimberger:person {full_name: "Philipp Heimberger", twitter: "@heimbergecon"}
@cultural_tutor:person {full_name: "The Cultural Tutor", twitter: "@culturaltutor"}
@shoko_asahara_appreciation_consortium:organization {twitter: "@Citizen09372364"}
@marcus_cribb:person {full_name: "Marcus Cribb", twitter: "@mcribbHistory"}
@christopher_chamberlain:person {full_name: "Christopher Chamberlain", occupation: "portraitist"}
@albert_bertelsen:person {full_name: "Albert Bertelsen", birth_year: @date_1921, death_year: @date_2019, occupation: "Danish painter and illustrator"}
@emiko_terazono:person {full_name: "Emiko Terazono", role: "author"}
@samer_al_atrush:person {full_name: "Samer Al‑Atrush", role: "author"}
@roman_olearchyk:person {full_name: "Roman Olearchyk", role: "author"}
@noah_williams:person {full_name: "Noah Williams", twitter: "@Bellmanequation"}
@martin_wolf:person {full_name: "Martin Wolf", role: "FT columnist"}
@dr_parsons:person {full_name: "Dr Parsons", role: "researcher on automotive wiring"}
@bucephalus424:person {twitter: "@bucephalus424"}

# Organizations / Institutions
@international_rescue_committee:organization {role: "humanitarian NGO"}
@razoni_shipping_ltd:organization {type: "shipping company", flag_of_convenience: @sierra_leone, owner: "unknown"}
@international_group_of_p_i_clubs:organization {role: "marine insurers", coverage: "≈90 % of world ocean‑going tonnage"}
@ukrainian_grain_association:organization {abbr: "UGA", role: "industry body"}
@gn_terminal:organization {type: "grain terminal", location: @odessa:place}
@chartchart_newsletter:organization {name: "Chartbook Newsletter"}
@ft:organization {name: "Financial Times"}
@car_and_driver:organization {name: "Car and Driver"}
@new_york_times:organization {name: "The New York Times"}

# Places (specific)
@kyshchentsi:place {region: @cherkasy, country: @ukraine}
@cherkasy:place {region: "Central Ukraine", country: @ukraine}
@podilsk:place {region: @odessa, country: @ukraine}
@odessa:place {country: @ukraine}
@galicia_spain:place {region: "Galicia", country: @spain}
@aquis_querquennis:place {description: "Roman camp and military barracks in Galicia, Spain, abandoned around 120 AD", period: "Roman", abandoned: @date_0120}
@via_nova:concept {type: "Roman road", location: @galicia_spain}
@elbe_river:place {countries: [@czech_republic, @germany]}
@hunger_stones:concept {description: "Stone markers of extreme low river levels forecasting famine", example: "Elbe river stone (1616) inscription: \"If you see me, cry\""}
@soy_based_insulation:concept {type: "automotive wiring insulation", material: "soy", benefits: ["lower cost","environmentally friendly"], side_effect: "attracts rodents"}
@petroleum_based_insulation:concept {type: "automotive wiring insulation", material: "petroleum"}
@rat_in_cars:concept {description: "Rats attracted to soy‑based wiring insulation in vehicles"}
@corn:concept {type: "cereal grain"}
@peak_agriculture_land:concept {description: "The point at which global agricultural land use has reached its maximum"}
@chronos:concept {definition: "sequential, quantitative time"}
@kairos:concept {definition: "fluctuating, qualitative time"}
@food_crisis:concept {description: "Global shortage and price spikes in food, exacerbated by the Ukraine war"}
@global_food_security:concept {description: "Ensuring all people have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food"}
@fertiliser:concept {type: "agricultural input"}
@grain:concept {type: "cereal crops"}
@insurance:concept {type: "liability cover for vessels"}

# Dates
@date_2022
@date_2022_06_02
@date_2022_08_16
@date_2021
@date_2020_02   # Russia’s invasion of Ukraine (Feb 2022) – use month/year as needed
@date_2022_02   # invasion month
@date_2022_07_18
@date_2022_08_11
@date_2022_08_13
@date_0120   # approx. 120 AD

# Relationships & Events
@food_and_agriculture_collection -> contains -> [@food_crisis_newsletter, @top_links_90_corn_and_hope]

@food_crisis_newsletter -> discusses -> @food_crisis
@food_crisis_newsletter -> links_to -> @ukraine_war:event {description: "Russia’s invasion of Ukraine"}
@food_crisis_newsletter -> mentions -> @global_food_security
@food_crisis_newsletter -> cites -> @international_rescue_committee:organization {alert: "impending hunger fallout affecting 47 mn people in Horn of Africa, Sahel, Afghanistan, Yemen"}
@food_crisis_newsletter -> cites -> @ukrainian_grain_association:organization {financial_loss_per_day: 170, unit: "million USD", comment: "running at $170 mn a day"}

@ukrainian_grain_association -> reported -> @financial_loss:concept {amount: 170, unit: "million USD per day"}
@ukrainian_grain_association -> warned -> @export_drop:concept {estimated: 18, unit: "million tonnes", timeframe: "without Black Sea reopening"}

@financial_loss:concept {description: "Daily financial loss for Ukrainian grain exporters due to blockade"}

@export_drop:concept {description: "Potential reduction in Ukrainian grain exports"}

@top_links_90_corn_and_hope -> covers -> @corn
@top_links_90_corn_and_hope -> covers -> @peak_agriculture_land
@top_links_90_corn_and_hope -> includes -> @chronos
@top_links_90_corn_and_hope -> includes -> @kairos

@chronos -> contrasted_with -> @kairos

@food_crisis_newsletter -> quotes -> @martin_wolf:person {statement: "Trade is an optional economic extra; the biggest economies are the most indifferent to trade"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> mentions -> @macky_sall:person {action: "travel to Moscow to petition Vladimir Putin on Black Sea blockade"}

@razoni_shipping_ltd -> flagged_under -> @sierra_leone:place
@razoni_shipping_ltd -> operates_in -> [@black_sea, @mediterranean]
@razoni_shipping_ltd -> visited -> @syria:place
@razoni_shipping_ltd -> trades -> @grain
@razoni_shipping_ltd -> lacks -> @insurance:concept
@international_group_of_p_i_clubs -> provides -> @insurance

@kornelis_huizinga -> farms -> @kyshchentsi
@kornelis_huizinga -> reports -> @financial_loss:concept {impact: "cannot buy fuel or pay salaries"}

@mykhailo_lazarenko -> farms -> @podilsk
@mykhailo_lazarenko -> notes -> @corn_price:concept {before_war: 300, after_war: "<100 per tonne"}

@bohdan_chomiak -> board_member_of -> @gn_terminal
@bohdan_chomiak -> states -> "sector has gone into zero mode; credit lines drying up"

@aliko_dangote -> inaugurated -> @dangote_fertiliser_plant:organization {capacity: 3, unit: "million tonnes of urea annually", location: @lagos:place}
@dangote_fertiliser_plant -> exports_to -> [@united_states, @brazil, @mexico, @india]

@philipp_heimberger -> tweets -> @peak_agriculture_land:concept {text: "The world has passed the peak of using land for agriculture after millennia of expansion."}

@cultural_tutor -> tweets -> @chronos:concept {definition: "sequential, quantitative time"}
@cultural_tutor -> tweets -> @kairos:concept {definition: "fluctuating, qualitative time"}

@shoko_asahara_appreciation_consortium -> tweets -> @hunger_stones {example: "Elbe river stone (1616) inscription: \"If you see me, cry\""}

@marcus_cribb -> tweets -> @aquis_querquennis:place {description: "Roman camp exposed by drought in Galicia, Spain"}

@christopher_chamberlain -> featured_in -> @ft_article:document {title: "London landscapes, 1950s", subject: "unpeopled London scenes"}

@albert_bertelsen -> featured_in -> @ft_article:document {title: "Norway", subject: "Danish painter"}

@emiko_terazono -> authored -> @ft_article:document {title: "Razoni grain ship", subject: "grain trade to Syria"}

@samer_al_atrush -> coauthored -> @ft_article:document {title: "Razoni grain ship"}

@roman_olearchyk -> coauthored -> @ft_article:document {title: "Razoni grain ship"}

@noah_williams -> tweets -> @housing_boom:concept {text: "Unlike the 2000s, this housing boom is driven by high‑credit‑score borrowers"}

@martin_wolf -> wrote -> @ft_article:document {title: "Globalisation", subject: "trade paradox"}

@dr_parsons -> comments_on -> @soy_based_insulation {statement: "Soy‑based wiring is catnip for rodents"}

@car_and_driver -> published -> @car_wiring_article:document {title: "Soy‑based insulation for car wiring", topic: @soy_based_insulation}
@new_york_times -> published -> @nyc_rats_article:document {title: "NYC rats invade local cars", topic: @rat_in_cars}

@nyc_rats_article -> describes -> @rat_in_cars
@nyc_rats_article -> cites -> @dr_parsons

@food_crisis_newsletter -> mentions -> @corn
@food_crisis_newsletter -> mentions -> @fertiliser

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @price_spike:concept {commodity: "food", cause: "Ukraine war"}

@price_spike:concept {description: "Rising food prices could push millions back into extreme poverty"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> cites -> @world_bank:organization {definition: "extreme poverty = living on <$1.90 per day"}

@world_bank -> defines -> @extreme_poverty:concept {threshold: "$1.90 per day"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> warns -> @social_stability:concept {risk: "food price spikes affect social stability"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> warns -> @sovereign_ratings:concept {risk: "economic growth impact"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> mentions -> @maputo_declaration:document {year: @date_2003, commitment: "10 % of budget to agriculture"}

@maputo_declaration:document {title: "Maputo Declaration", description: "African heads of state commit to allocate at least 10 % of budgets to agriculture"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @teff:concept {type: "ancient Ethiopian grain", region: @horn_of_africa}
@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @cassava:concept {type: "root crop", regions: [@west_africa, @central_africa]}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> highlights -> @soil_erosion:concept {issue: "need to combat"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> mentions -> @genetically_modified_crops:concept {debate: "need for higher yields"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @fertiliser_imports:concept {dependency: "many countries rely on imports"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> cites -> @morocco:place {role: "big producer of fertiliser"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> suggests -> @gas_reserve_countries:concept {countries: [@mozambique, @tanzania, @ivory_coast, @senegal, @mauritania], recommendation: "develop domestic fertiliser industry"}

@gas_reserve_countries -> includes -> @mozambique:place
@gas_reserve_countries -> includes -> @tanzania:place
@gas_reserve_countries -> includes -> @ivory_coast:place
@gas_reserve_countries -> includes -> @senegal:place
@gas_reserve_countries -> includes -> @mauritania:place

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @diesel_price:concept {doubling, price: 58, currency: "hryvnia per litre"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @fuel_costs:concept {impact: "farmers' burden"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @crop_yields:concept {need: "raise domestic yields"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @urban_populations:concept {trend: "rising quickest in Africa"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @food_imports:concept {policy: "placate urban populations"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @wheat_consumption:concept {Africa: "fastest‑growing consumer"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @teff_use:concept {example: "widespread in Horn of Africa"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @cassava_bread:concept {example: "cassava made into bread in West/Central Africa"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @soil_erosion:concept {need: "combat"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @genetically_modified_crops:concept {potential: "higher yields"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @fertiliser_imports:concept {dependency: "many countries"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @morocco:place {role: "big fertiliser producer"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @gas_reserve_countries:concept {potential: "domestic fertiliser industry"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @dangote_fertiliser_plant:organization {capacity: 3, unit: "million tonnes of urea annually"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @dangote_fertiliser_plant -> exports_to -> [@united_states, @brazil, @mexico, @india]

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @solution:concept {advice: "pay more attention to farmers"}

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @solution -> includes -> @domestic_yield_increase:concept

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @solution -> includes -> @soil_conservation:concept

@food_crisis_newsletter -> notes -> @solution -> includes -> @fertiliser_self_sufficiency:concept

--- 

**File references**

@file_pinax -> documents -> @food_and_agriculture_collection
@file_64657663_food_crisis -> documents -> @food_crisis_newsletter
@file_68949178_top_links_90_corn_and_hope -> documents -> @top_links_90_corn_and_hope

Metadata

Title: Food and Agriculture Newsletter Collection
Type: Collection
Creator: Adam Tooze
Institution: test-tooze
Created: 2022
Language: en
Subjects: food crisis, agriculture, Ukraine war, global food security, economic impact, food prices, farming, crop production, fertilizer, food exports
Rights: Copyright by Chartbook Newsletter
Place: Ukraine, Middle East, Central Asia, Africa, Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Syria, Europe, United States, Galicia, Spain, London, UK, New York, USA
Source: PINAX

Version History (4 versions)

✓ v4 (current) · 11/13/2025, 6:22:03 AM
"Added description"
v3 · 11/13/2025, 6:09:50 AM · View this version
"Added knowledge graph extraction"
v2 · 11/13/2025, 5:53:35 AM · View this version
"Added PINAX metadata"
v1 · 11/13/2025, 5:45:01 AM · View this version
"Reorganization group: Food_and_Agriculture"

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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iVn0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F29b2571d-f58a-4160-8e91-2f55f83eaeef_1466x906.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iVn0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F29b2571d-f58a-4160-8e91-2f55f83eaeef_1466x906.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/29b2571d-f58a-4160-8e91-2f55f83eaeef_1466x906.png" width="1456" height="900" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/29b2571d-f58a-4160-8e91-2f55f83eaeef_1466x906.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:900,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1829570,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iVn0!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F29b2571d-f58a-4160-8e91-2f55f83eaeef_1466x906.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iVn0!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F29b2571d-f58a-4160-8e91-2f55f83eaeef_1466x906.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iVn0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F29b2571d-f58a-4160-8e91-2f55f83eaeef_1466x906.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iVn0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F29b2571d-f58a-4160-8e91-2f55f83eaeef_1466x906.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6VrO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6VrO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6VrO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6VrO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6VrO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png" width="1456" height="1042" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1042,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3172692,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6VrO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6VrO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6VrO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6VrO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9a5a41fe-8368-4280-b7dc-0d6c3a280a75_1584x1134.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-07-18/ukraine-war-putin-shows-food-may-be-ultimate-weapon-in-the-21st-century?sref=wOrDP8KX</p><p>Please use the sharing tools found via the share button at the top or side of articles. Copying articles to share with others is a breach of <a href="https://www.ft.com">FT.com</a> <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/terms-conditions/">T&amp;Cs</a> and <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/copyright/copyright-policy/">Copyright Policy</a>. Email <a href="mailto:licensing@ft.com">licensing@ft.com</a> to buy additional rights. Subscribers may share up to 10 or 20 articles per month using the gift article service. More information can be <a href="https://www.ft.com/tour">found here</a>. <br><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/f41a1804-ba14-47fb-bdec-0a715a6ba4b2">https://www.ft.com/content/f41a1804-ba14-47fb-bdec-0a715a6ba4b2</a><br><br>David Pilling JUNE 2 2022 94 Print this page Once again, it is the world’s poor who risk becoming collateral damage. As war thunders on in Ukraine, the most deprived people in the Middle East, central Asia and much of Africa will get caught in the crossfire as the price of food escalates and its availability dwindles. In 2021, almost 700mn people, or 9 per cent of the world’s population — nearly two-thirds of them in sub-Saharan Africa — lived on below $1.90 a day, the World Bank’s definition of extreme poverty. Any substantial rise in food prices could send millions more tumbling back into this category. A report by Standard &amp; Poor’s predicts the food crisis will last through 2024 and possibly beyond. It warns that it could affect social stability, economic growth and sovereign ratings. The International Rescue Committee has alerted the world to an impending “hunger fallout” in which 47mn more people — mostly in the Horn of Africa, the Sahel, Afghanistan and Yemen — could be pushed into acute hunger. Before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the two countries were, either separately or as a pair, among the top three exporters of wheat, maize, rapeseed, sunflower seeds and sunflower oil. Together they accounted for 12 per cent of all traded food calories. Russia is the largest producer of fertiliser. Rising energy costs are affecting everything. In Ghana, inflation is nudging 25 per cent, eating away at purchasing power. In Nigeria, the central bank surprised markets by raising rates a hefty 150 basis points. This week, Kenya increased interest rates for the first time in almost seven years, citing supply chain disruption and rising commodity prices. It doesn’t take a particularly paranoid leader to sense trouble ahead. Many recall the origins of the Arab spring, which started, at least symbolically, in 2010 with the self-immolation of a Tunisian vegetable vendor. Rising food prices in 2007 and 2008 sparked riots worldwide. The Sudanese protests that swept longtime dictator Omar al-Bashir from power in 2019 were triggered by unaffordable daily bread. Leaders sense the urgency. This week, Macky Sall, president of Senegal and chair of the African Union, announced he was travelling to Moscow. There, presumably, he will petition Vladimir Putin on the consequences of Russia’s blockade of the Black Sea port of Odesa, which is preventing 20mn tonnes of wheat from leaving Ukraine. Good luck with that. Putin’s invasion, not the resulting sanctions, is the main cause of this misery. Still, the west should take seriously Sall’s complaint that sanctions on Russian banks have made it difficult, if not impossible, to buy grain and fertiliser from Russia. One EU official admitted there was a “glitch” in the sanctions regime. It must be fixed. In the longer run, many countries — particularly in Africa, where urban populations are rising quickest — need to think harder about food security. The 2003 Maputo Declaration committed African heads of state to devote at least 10 per cent of budgetary allocations to agriculture. Few have come close. Instead of lending serious effort to raising domestic yields, too many governments have sought to placate restless urban populations with food imports. Africa is the fastest-growing consumer of wheat even though, outside a few countries including Kenya and South Africa, little is grown on the continent. Crops that are produced locally need more attention. The widespread use of teff, an ancient Ethiopian grain, in the Horn of Africa is a good example. Other crops that could be eaten more widely include cassava, grown in west and central Africa, which can be made into bread. Governments also need to combat soil erosion and reconsider genetically modified crops. As well as food, too many countries are dependent on fertiliser imports. In Africa, Morocco is one of the few big producers. Countries with big gas reserves, including Mozambique, Tanzania, Ivory Coast, Senegal and Mauritania, should be developing a domestic fertiliser industry as a priority. In Nigeria, businessman Aliko Dangote has shown this is possible. This year, he inaugurated a fertiliser plant just outside Lagos with the capacity to produce 3mn tonnes of urea annually, making it among the biggest in the world. He told CNN that his fertiliser is being shipped to the US, Brazil, Mexico and India, earning valuable foreign exchange. But Dangote’s fertiliser should also be the basis for a domestic push for higher crop yields. Governments are right to worry about their hungry urban populations. The solution is to pay more attention to their farmers.</p><p>https://www.ft.com/content/f41a1804-ba14-47fb-bdec-0a715a6ba4b2</p><p></p><p>Please use the sharing tools found via the share button at the top or side of articles. Copying articles to share with others is a breach of <a href="https://www.ft.com">FT.com</a> <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/terms-conditions/">T&amp;Cs</a> and <a href="https://help.ft.com/help/legal-privacy/copyright/copyright-policy/">Copyright Policy</a>. Email <a href="mailto:licensing@ft.com">licensing@ft.com</a> to buy additional rights. Subscribers may share up to 10 or 20 articles per month using the gift article service. More information can be <a href="https://www.ft.com/tour">found here</a>. <br><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/670263c3-674a-4418-af6f-a541866f44e2">https://www.ft.com/content/670263c3-674a-4418-af6f-a541866f44e2</a><br><br>Combine harvesters cruise through golden crops of barley in the fields of Kyshchentsi, 200km south of Ukraine’s capital Kyiv, leaving clouds of dust in their wake. Wheat, rapeseed and vegetables will follow as farmers gather the last winter-planted crops. Ukraine’s harvest has begun despite a deepening crisis in one of the world’s great breadbaskets. Russia’s invasion and blockade of the Black Sea have ravaged the country’s agricultural sector, as war damage to infrastructure, soaring fuel and fertiliser costs and a loss of exports routes leave farmers starved of revenues and with stark choices to make. “If they can’t sell their crops, they will just run out of money,” said Kornelis Huizinga, a Dutch farmer who moved to Ukraine more than 20 years ago and farms 15,000 hectares of land in Kyshchentsi in the central Cherkasy region. “They won’t have money to buy fuel or pay salaries.” Ukraine exported 54mn tonnes of grain from a record harvest of 106mn during the 2021-22 marketing year that began last July, according to the Ukrainian Grain Association. But the 2022-23 harvest could come in almost 40 per cent lower. The UGA warns exports could plunge to just 18mn tonnes without a swift reopening of the Black Sea route, hurting a range of countries from north Africa to south Asia that depend on Ukraine’s products. Bohdan Chomiak, a former farmer who is on the board of GN Terminal, a grain facility in Odesa port, said Ukraine’s agricultural sector “has gone into zero mode”. Credit lines will dry up and many farms will go bust unless the blockade is ended soon. “This will be a bad year.” Kornelis Huizinga, a Dutch farmer who moved to Ukraine more than 20 years ago © Derek Brower/FT The financial loss from the blockade is already running at $170mn a day, the UGA calculates, pushing many grain shippers and traders to the brink of bankruptcy. “We use working capital and people would like their capital back and we can’t do anything,” said Chomiak. “We’re pretty close to collapsing.” Many farmers are in even deeper financial distress as low domestic demand and prices are compounded by rising fuel and fertiliser costs. “The only thing that saved and now supports small commodity producers is credit lines,” said Mykhailo Lazarenko, who runs a farm with 6,000 hectares of grain crops and livestock close to the city of Podilsk, 200km north of Odesa. Russian troops have captured as much as a quarter of Ukraine’s 33mn hectares of arable land since the invasion began in February. Farmers have been killed in fields laced with unexploded munitions. The physical losses to the sector — stolen tractors, looted grain, damaged facilities and croplands ravaged by artillery or fire — already amount to more than $4bn, according to the Kyiv School of Economics’ Center for Food and Land Use Research. Yet some farmers continue to reap. Vast grain fields and one of the world’s most abundant sunflower crops are ripening from the southern Mykolayiv region — site of fierce fighting in recent weeks — to the relative peace of the Zhytomyr region west of Kyiv. But the blockade of Black Sea ports means farmers could soon run out of places to store their grain and oilseeds. Corn prices have halved in three months, said Lazarenko, while wheat that fetched $300 a tonne before the war was selling from the field for less than $100, said Huizinga. Farmers can use alternative export routes, including trucking grain through congested land crossings into Poland. Danube river terminals near the Romanian border have also provided an outlet. But transporting grain south to river ports such as Izmail can cost at least $85 a tonne, more than four times the price of transporting it to Odesa before the war, Huizinga said. Recommended InterviewWar in Ukraine Ukraine warns of big cuts to wheat harvest if Russian blockade continues Russian missiles have destroyed part of the railway to Izmail and targeted a bridge on the road route. The channels into other Danube terminals are shallow, restricting the size of vessels that can reach them. Queues to load the barges are long. “There have been cases when farmers and cars . . . waited 24 days at ports,” said Lazarenko. Trucking goods by land or rail and shipment via the Danube might allow for exports of just 1mn-2mn tonnes a month — far below the 6mn tonnes of monthly exports from the seaports before the war, the UGA said, adding that the increased need to stockpile grains could fill Ukraine’s estimated 60mn tonnes of ventilated storage capacity by autumn. With some farmers forced to leave grain outside under makeshift covers or in unsuitable workshops, Chomiak said about 15 per cent of crops harvested this year could be spoiled. Russia’s repeated targeting of Ukraine’s main oil refinery in Kremenchuk has contributed to a doubling of the price of diesel, farmers’ most important fuel, to 58 hryvnia, or about $2 per litre. Fertiliser costs have risen almost 40 per cent, estimated analysts, after the loss of potassium and phosphorus imports from Belarus and Russia and artillery damage to domestic nitrogen production facilities. A missile in a field near Kyiv © Maxym Marusenko/NurPhoto/Getty Images The extra costs add to farmers’ burden, said Lazarenko. “Small farmers and those without working capital — it will be difficult for them to survive,” he said, adding that many would have to hand over their leased land to bigger farms “so the land does not stand still”. Recommended Rachman Review podcast23 min listen Can Turkey help end the Ukraine grain crisis? But even if the blockade is lifted soon, officials in Kyiv and marine insurers will need to be confident that ships will be ensured safe passage. And clearing the mounting backlog of stored grain will last long into 2023, analysts said. In Kyshchentsi, Huizinga said Ukraine’s harvest next year could be significantly diminished as farmers assess whether they can afford to plant crops. “The guys who have cash reserves can last till next harvest,” the farmer said. “[But] some farmers say they won’t even be planting this autumn.</p>

68949178.top-links-90-corn-and-hope-peak-agriculture.html

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  "title": "Top Links #90 Corn & hope, peak agriculture land, America the unglobalized. ",
  "subtitle": "Great reading, links and images from Chartbook Newsletter by Adam Tooze "
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<p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJI5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJI5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJI5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJI5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJI5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png" width="1456" height="1280" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1280,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2114338,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJI5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJI5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJI5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJI5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fad49f495-7003-4c71-88da-6f087d7a4de1_1456x1280.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>“Norway” Albert Bertelsen (b.1921-2019, Danish painter and illustrator)</p><p>Thank you for reading Chartbook Newsletter</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://adamtooze.substack.com/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share Chartbook&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://adamtooze.substack.com/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share Chartbook</span></a></p><p><strong>Corn, and hope</strong> </p><p>The strange journey of the Razoni from Ukraine to Syria.</p><p>This <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/16eda8d8-47a7-4dcf-ae64-f85c8721a900">long read</a> by <strong><a href="https://www.ft.com/emiko-terazono">Emiko Terazono</a></strong> in London, <strong><a href="https://www.ft.com/stream/0085be51-2e6f-4386-80de-3f691021281a">Samer Al-Atrush</a></strong> in Dubai and <strong><a href="https://www.ft.com/roman-olearchyk">Roman Olearchyk</a></strong> in Kyiv was excellent.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q-X2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q-X2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q-X2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q-X2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q-X2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png" width="1028" height="598" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:598,&quot;width&quot;:1028,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:347622,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q-X2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q-X2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q-X2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q-X2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47abc9d5-94ad-41a7-acd1-8acab1422344_1028x598.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>Sailing under a Sierra Leone flag, a practice known as a “flag of convenience” where an owner registers a vessel in a country other than their own, the ship is owned by Razoni Shipping Ltd, according to industry databases. However, its contact details are unavailable and the FT has been unable to reach the company or the vessel’s crew. The ship’s agent in Turkey said the captain and most of the crew were Syrian. Mainly operating in the Black Sea and Mediterranean region, the vessel last year made three voyages where its transponders were turned off. After a time they were turned back near Cyprus, according to data from marine platform Sea/. Photos from Planet Labs, a satellite photography platform, appear to show the Razoni calling at Syrian ports during the times it went dark. Trading grain and food with Syria does not contravene western sanctions imposed on the Damascus regime over the country’s long-running civil war. But some vessels avoid openly sailing to the country because of the stipulations of financial institutions, according to grain traders. Questions have also been raised about the Razoni’s insurance. It has no entry in the ship search provided by the International Group of P&amp;I Clubs, a group of 13 mutually owner insurers that provide liability cover for around 90 per cent of the world’s ocean-going tonnage. The list shows which ship is covered by which insurer and is regularly updated, according to a person familiar with the matter. Many ports will not allow vessels to enter if they have no liability cover.</p></blockquote><p>The destination <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/85a80cfc-79c4-4ec9-9a79-23014f1f30ca">as of today</a> appears to have been Syria, where the Razoni has been sighted before. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3gjj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3gjj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3gjj!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3gjj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3gjj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png" width="1354" height="1086" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1086,&quot;width&quot;:1354,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1251088,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3gjj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3gjj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3gjj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3gjj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1dfb1cc-2b5a-4af5-a47d-cc1a18df5a17_1354x1086.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>Peak agriculture land?</strong></p><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://twitter.com/heimbergecon/status/1557947326693523456?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA&quot;,&quot;full_text&quot;:&quot;The world has passed the peak of using land for agriculture after millennia of expansion. &quot;,&quot;username&quot;:&quot;heimbergecon&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Philipp Heimberger&quot;,&quot;date&quot;:&quot;Fri Aug 12 04:29:22 +0000 2022&quot;,&quot;photos&quot;:[{&quot;img_url&quot;:&quot;https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ7w0hGXkAAXxv-.png&quot;,&quot;link_url&quot;:&quot;https://t.co/CvdjR7U8zr&quot;,&quot;alt_text&quot;:null}],&quot;quoted_tweet&quot;:{},&quot;retweet_count&quot;:60,&quot;like_count&quot;:190,&quot;expanded_url&quot;:{},&quot;video_url&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/heimbergecon/status/1557947326693523456?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/heimbergecon.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @heimbergecon" loading="lazy"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">Philipp Heimberger </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@heimbergecon</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">The world has passed the peak of using land for agriculture after millennia of expansion. </div><div class="tweet-photos-container one"><div class="tweet-photo-wrapper "><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!neym!,w_600,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.substack.com%2Fmedia%2FFZ7w0hGXkAAXxv-.png"><img class="tweet-photo" src="https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ7w0hGXkAAXxv-.png" alt="Image" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/heimbergecon/status/1557947326693523456?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">4:29 AM ∙ Aug 12, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/heimbergecon/status/1557947326693523456?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">190</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/heimbergecon/status/1557947326693523456?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">60</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div><p><strong>Martin Wolf on Globalization  </strong></p><blockquote><p>The fifth is the notion that trade is an optional economic extra. Here lies a paradox in trade policy: the countries that matter most in trade are the ones to which trade matters least. The US is the only economy in the world that could conceive of being largely self-sufficient, though even it would find this costly. Smaller countries are dependent on trade and the smaller they are the more dependent they tend to be: Denmark or Switzerland could not have attained their current prosperity without it. But big countries (or, in the case of the EU, large trading blocs) shape the world trading system, because they have the biggest markets. Thus, the trading system depends on the most indifferent. Smaller countries must try hard to offset that indifference.</p></blockquote><p>Source: <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/fa1f3a82-99c5-4fb2-8bff-a7e8d3f65849">FT</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LREj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fda4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LREj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fda4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LREj!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fda4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LREj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fda4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LREj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fda4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/da4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png" width="940" height="1062" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/da4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1062,&quot;width&quot;:940,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:161762,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LREj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fda4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LREj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fda4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LREj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fda4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LREj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fda4115a2-9885-4bfa-b538-f26c4cf2ffa3_940x1062.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>Prime boom &amp; bust </strong></p><p>The US housing market may be about to turn. But this time, unlike prior to 2007 there is far less subprime in the mix. </p><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://twitter.com/Bellmanequation/status/1557823236137574400?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA&quot;,&quot;full_text&quot;:&quot;Unlike the 2000s, this housing boom (&amp;amp; slowdown) was almost all driven by high credit score borrowers. <a class=\&quot;tweet-url\&quot; href=\&quot;https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/interactives/householdcredit/data/pdf/HHDC_2022Q2\&quot;>newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/i…</a> &quot;,&quot;username&quot;:&quot;Bellmanequation&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Noah Williams&quot;,&quot;date&quot;:&quot;Thu Aug 11 20:16:17 +0000 2022&quot;,&quot;photos&quot;:[{&quot;img_url&quot;:&quot;https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ5_-K_VQAAseuv.jpg&quot;,&quot;link_url&quot;:&quot;https://t.co/nVi4nl6TIz&quot;,&quot;alt_text&quot;:null}],&quot;quoted_tweet&quot;:{},&quot;retweet_count&quot;:149,&quot;like_count&quot;:837,&quot;expanded_url&quot;:{},&quot;video_url&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/Bellmanequation/status/1557823236137574400?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/Bellmanequation.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @Bellmanequation" loading="lazy"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">Noah Williams </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@Bellmanequation</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">Unlike the 2000s, this housing boom (&amp; slowdown) was almost all driven by high credit score borrowers. <a class="tweet-url" href="https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/interactives/householdcredit/data/pdf/HHDC_2022Q2" target="_blank">newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/i…</a> </div><div class="tweet-photos-container one"><div class="tweet-photo-wrapper "><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UpGy!,w_600,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.substack.com%2Fmedia%2FFZ5_-K_VQAAseuv.jpg"><img class="tweet-photo" src="https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ5_-K_VQAAseuv.jpg" alt="Image" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/Bellmanequation/status/1557823236137574400?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">8:16 PM ∙ Aug 11, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/Bellmanequation/status/1557823236137574400?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">837</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/Bellmanequation/status/1557823236137574400?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">149</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div><p><strong>The European Coal &amp; Steel complex </strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZtbP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZtbP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZtbP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZtbP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZtbP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png" width="1456" height="963" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:963,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2902515,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZtbP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZtbP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZtbP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZtbP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9372c9-d4a8-4868-8df2-557d8626b077_1932x1278.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>As @bucephalus424 said on twitter one could argue that this was the origin of the European Coal and Steel Community. </p><p><strong>Chronos v. Kairos</strong></p><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://twitter.com/culturaltutor/status/1558551902505279489?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA&quot;,&quot;full_text&quot;:&quot;The Ancient Greeks had two words for time:\n\n1. Chronos = sequential, quantitative time\n2. Kairos = fluctuating, qualitative time\n\nHere's why you need to understand kairos... &quot;,&quot;username&quot;:&quot;culturaltutor&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Cultural Tutor&quot;,&quot;date&quot;:&quot;Sat Aug 13 20:31:44 +0000 2022&quot;,&quot;photos&quot;:[{&quot;img_url&quot;:&quot;https://pbs.substack.com/media/FaEWsYdXkAMLfAQ.png&quot;,&quot;link_url&quot;:&quot;https://t.co/U3dQzXJrv1&quot;,&quot;alt_text&quot;:null}],&quot;quoted_tweet&quot;:{},&quot;retweet_count&quot;:2295,&quot;like_count&quot;:16457,&quot;expanded_url&quot;:{},&quot;video_url&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/culturaltutor/status/1558551902505279489?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/culturaltutor.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @culturaltutor" loading="lazy"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">The Cultural Tutor </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@culturaltutor</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">The Ancient Greeks had two words for time:

1. Chronos = sequential, quantitative time
2. Kairos = fluctuating, qualitative time

Here's why you need to understand kairos... </div><div class="tweet-photos-container one"><div class="tweet-photo-wrapper "><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TiAQ!,w_600,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.substack.com%2Fmedia%2FFaEWsYdXkAMLfAQ.png"><img class="tweet-photo" src="https://pbs.substack.com/media/FaEWsYdXkAMLfAQ.png" alt="Image" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/culturaltutor/status/1558551902505279489?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">8:31 PM ∙ Aug 13, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/culturaltutor/status/1558551902505279489?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">16,457</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/culturaltutor/status/1558551902505279489?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">2,295</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div><p><strong>“If you see me, cry”: World’s revealed by climate change </strong></p><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://twitter.com/Citizen09372364/status/1557665431888056320?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA&quot;,&quot;full_text&quot;:&quot;The recent droughts in Europe once again made visible the \&quot;Hunger Stones\&quot; in some Czech and German rivers. These stones were used to mark desperately low river levels that would forecast famines.\n\nThis one, in the Elbe river, is from 1616 and says: \&quot;If you see me, cry\&quot; &quot;,&quot;username&quot;:&quot;Citizen09372364&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Shoko Asahara Appreciation Consortium 🇷🇼&quot;,&quot;date&quot;:&quot;Thu Aug 11 09:49:13 +0000 2022&quot;,&quot;photos&quot;:[{&quot;img_url&quot;:&quot;https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ3wcxbWIAEBrjU.jpg&quot;,&quot;link_url&quot;:&quot;https://t.co/uJTapWXN5y&quot;,&quot;alt_text&quot;:null},{&quot;img_url&quot;:&quot;https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ3wcxdXwAAIckd.jpg&quot;,&quot;link_url&quot;:&quot;https://t.co/uJTapWXN5y&quot;,&quot;alt_text&quot;:null}],&quot;quoted_tweet&quot;:{},&quot;retweet_count&quot;:20078,&quot;like_count&quot;:78408,&quot;expanded_url&quot;:{},&quot;video_url&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/Citizen09372364/status/1557665431888056320?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/Citizen09372364.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @Citizen09372364" loading="lazy"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">Shoko Asahara Appreciation Consortium 🇷🇼 </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@Citizen09372364</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">The recent droughts in Europe once again made visible the "Hunger Stones" in some Czech and German rivers. These stones were used to mark desperately low river levels that would forecast famines.

This one, in the Elbe river, is from 1616 and says: "If you see me, cry" </div><div class="tweet-photos-container two"><div class="tweet-photos-column"><div class="tweet-photo-wrapper "><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EG2_!,w_600,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.substack.com%2Fmedia%2FFZ3wcxbWIAEBrjU.jpg"><img class="tweet-photo" src="https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ3wcxbWIAEBrjU.jpg" alt="Image" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div><div class="tweet-photos-column"><div class="tweet-photo-wrapper "><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dLYI!,w_600,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.substack.com%2Fmedia%2FFZ3wcxdXwAAIckd.jpg"><img class="tweet-photo" src="https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ3wcxdXwAAIckd.jpg" alt="Image" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div></div></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/Citizen09372364/status/1557665431888056320?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">9:49 AM ∙ Aug 11, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/Citizen09372364/status/1557665431888056320?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">78,408</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/Citizen09372364/status/1557665431888056320?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">20,078</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div><p><strong>Roman Spain revealed </strong></p><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://twitter.com/mcribbHistory/status/1558381595056254978?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA&quot;,&quot;full_text&quot;:&quot;A Roman camp, in Galicia, Spain.\n\nNormally under water, this summer's drought has exposed it. \n \nAquis Querquennis, a vast site served as a fort &amp;amp; military barracks for Roman legions during the building of the Via Nova road, abandoned around 120AD.\n\nPhotograph by Brais Lorenzo. &quot;,&quot;username&quot;:&quot;mcribbHistory&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Marcus Cribb ⚔️&quot;,&quot;date&quot;:&quot;Sat Aug 13 09:15:00 +0000 2022&quot;,&quot;photos&quot;:[{&quot;img_url&quot;:&quot;https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ8jPClWAAEe926.jpg&quot;,&quot;link_url&quot;:&quot;https://t.co/W7HOLmaLah&quot;,&quot;alt_text&quot;:null}],&quot;quoted_tweet&quot;:{},&quot;retweet_count&quot;:3,&quot;like_count&quot;:12,&quot;expanded_url&quot;:{},&quot;video_url&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/mcribbHistory/status/1558381595056254978?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/mcribbHistory.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @mcribbHistory" loading="lazy"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">Marcus Cribb ⚔️ </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@mcribbHistory</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">A Roman camp, in Galicia, Spain.

Normally under water, this summer's drought has exposed it. 
 
Aquis Querquennis, a vast site served as a fort &amp; military barracks for Roman legions during the building of the Via Nova road, abandoned around 120AD.

Photograph by Brais Lorenzo. </div><div class="tweet-photos-container one"><div class="tweet-photo-wrapper "><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yj2E!,w_600,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.substack.com%2Fmedia%2FFZ8jPClWAAEe926.jpg"><img class="tweet-photo" src="https://pbs.substack.com/media/FZ8jPClWAAEe926.jpg" alt="Image" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/mcribbHistory/status/1558381595056254978?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">9:15 AM ∙ Aug 13, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/mcribbHistory/status/1558381595056254978?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">12</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/mcribbHistory/status/1558381595056254978?s=20&amp;t=FlvFD_Wo8p9YUev1bDEjWA/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">3</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div><p><strong>NYC rats invade local cars attracted by soy-based wiring insulation. </strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yDiu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yDiu!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yDiu!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yDiu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yDiu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png" width="1318" height="926" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:926,&quot;width&quot;:1318,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1911483,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yDiu!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yDiu!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yDiu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yDiu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F06130365-3070-45e7-90dd-6325061b31a2_1318x926.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container restack-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-refresh-cw"><path d="M3 12a9 9 0 0 1 9-9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1 6.74 2.74L21 8"></path><path d="M21 3v5h-5"></path><path d="M21 12a9 9 0 0 1-9 9 9.75 9.75 0 0 1-6.74-2.74L3 16"></path><path d="M8 16H3v5"></path></svg></div><div class="pencraft pc-reset icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>The telltale sign of rats in cars: an abandoned chicken bone under the hood.Credit...Michelle V. Agins/<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/03/nyregion/new-york-rats-cars.html">The New York Times</a></p><p>new <a href="https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a21933466/does-your-car-have-wiring-that-rodents-think-is-tasty/">soy-based insulation for car wiring</a> — basically catnip for rodents, Dr. Parsons said — are other possible causes for the increasing number of rats’ taking their meals in vehicles, according to some researchers and mechanics.</p><blockquote><p>Until roughly a decade ago, most car companies used wiring insulation that was petroleum based. The introduction of soy-based wire insulation was meant to have a twofold benefit: It was less expensive for automakers and, because it used soy instead of oil, it was better for the environment. But some unhappy car owners now counter that the greener wiring is now luring the environment, particularly the animal kingdom, under the hoods of their vehicles.</p><p>Source: <a href="https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a21933466/does-your-car-have-wiring-that-rodents-think-is-tasty/">Car and Driver</a> </p></blockquote><p><strong>1950s London landscapes </strong></p><div data-component-name="Twitter2ToDOM" class="tweet" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://twitter.com/ahistoryinart/status/1517846324414238720&quot;,&quot;full_text&quot;:&quot;Though a gifted portraitist, Christopher Chamberlain's spontaneous and tonalist images of unpeopled London landscapes are more characteristic of his work. This is Avalon Road in Fulham, around 1950. &quot;,&quot;username&quot;:&quot;ahistoryinart&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Richard Morris: Art History in a Tweet&quot;,&quot;date&quot;:&quot;Sat Apr 23 12:42:18 +0000 2022&quot;,&quot;photos&quot;:[{&quot;img_url&quot;:&quot;https://pbs.substack.com/media/FRB5L_oWUAQtaMJ.jpg&quot;,&quot;link_url&quot;:&quot;https://t.co/vIouMJlAJa&quot;,&quot;alt_text&quot;:null}],&quot;quoted_tweet&quot;:{},&quot;retweet_count&quot;:11,&quot;like_count&quot;:167,&quot;expanded_url&quot;:{},&quot;video_url&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}"><a class="tweet-link-top" href="https://twitter.com/ahistoryinart/status/1517846324414238720" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-header"><img class="tweet-header-avatar" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/twitter_name/w_96/ahistoryinart.jpg" alt="Twitter avatar for @ahistoryinart" loading="lazy"><div class="tweet-header-text"><span class="tweet-author-name">Richard Morris: Art History in a Tweet </span><span class="tweet-author-handle">@ahistoryinart</span></div></div><div class="tweet-text">Though a gifted portraitist, Christopher Chamberlain's spontaneous and tonalist images of unpeopled London landscapes are more characteristic of his work. This is Avalon Road in Fulham, around 1950. </div><div class="tweet-photos-container one"><div class="tweet-photo-wrapper "><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QFFx!,w_600,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.substack.com%2Fmedia%2FFRB5L_oWUAQtaMJ.jpg"><img class="tweet-photo" src="https://pbs.substack.com/media/FRB5L_oWUAQtaMJ.jpg" alt="Image" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div></a><a class="tweet-link-bottom" href="https://twitter.com/ahistoryinart/status/1517846324414238720" target="_blank"><div class="tweet-footer"><span class="tweet-date">12:42 PM ∙ Apr 23, 2022</span><hr><div class="tweet-ufi"><span href="https://twitter.com/ahistoryinart/status/1517846324414238720/likes" class="likes"><span class="like-count">167</span>Likes</span><span href="https://twitter.com/ahistoryinart/status/1517846324414238720/retweets" class="retweets"><span class="rt-count">11</span>Retweets</span></div></div></a></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://adamtooze.substack.com/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share Chartbook&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://adamtooze.substack.com/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share Chartbook</span></a></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://adamtooze.substack.com/subscribe?&amp;gift=true&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Give a gift subscription&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://adamtooze.substack.com/subscribe?&amp;gift=true"><span>Give a gift subscription</span></a></p><p></p>

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Food and Agriculture Newsletter Collection

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