a092_001_119.jpg

Faculty Meeting Minutes - February 1859

Version: 4 (current) | Updated: 11/14/2025, 4:15:32 PM

Added description

Description

Faculty Meeting Minutes – February 1859

Overview

A single‑page text record of faculty meetings held in February 1859, compiled by Dean E. Furrell. The minutes are preserved as scanned images (JPEG and TIFF) and a digital text file. The document is in English, dated February 1859, and originates from the “final‑drexel‑university” collection. The place of the meetings is not specified, and copyright status is unknown.

Background

The minutes were produced by the faculty of a medical institution that admitted women candidates for the degree of M.P. (Medical Practitioner). The meetings took place at an unspecified location, likely a medical school in the United States. Dean E. Furrell, a faculty member, recorded the proceedings, which included preliminary examinations, thesis reviews, and voting on candidates. The document reflects early efforts to integrate women into professional medical education.

Contents

The minutes cover four meetings:
  • Feb 10 – Motion to hold preliminary examinations for all candidates.
  • Feb 14 – Report of applications and essays from six women (Mrs. Botry, Miss Stratton, Miss Underwood, Miss Shelley, Miss Adams, Miss Porter). Essays addressed topics such as circulation of blood, hydrogen, water, enteroplies, digestion, and uterine displacements.
  • Feb 17‑19 – Thesis reviews of six women (Mrs. McClean, Mrs. Stratton, Mrs. Barkey, Mrs. Underwood, Mrs. Adams, Mrs. Parker). Faculty comments on style, originality, and clarity are recorded.
  • Feb 25 – Voting on six candidates (Sutnamine S. Underwood, Mary Malin Bailey, St. Winona Stratton, Harriet Adams, Maria W. Porter, Lizzie S. Mellen). Results show white and black vote tallies; all candidates received over fifty white votes and were declared elected. The Dean recommended awarding the M.P. degree and clinical experience at the New York Woman’s Infirmary.

Scope

The minutes document the administrative process of evaluating and approving women candidates for a medical degree in February 1859. They cover dates, participants, essay topics, thesis assessments, voting results, and recommendations for clinical training. The material is limited to the February meetings and does not include subsequent commencement proceedings or further institutional context.

Entities

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Entity Relationships

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Raw Cheimarros Data

**File metadata**

@file_pinax:document {title: "Faculty Meeting Minutes - February 1859", creator: @e_furrell, created: @date_1859_02, subjects: ["Faculty Meetings","Medical Education","Examinations","Women in Medicine"]}

**Core event (series of meetings)**  

@faculty_meeting_february_1859:event {description: "Series of faculty meetings held in February 1859 at an unspecified location to discuss preliminary examinations, thesis reviews, and voting for women candidates for the degree M.P.", when: @date_1859_02, location: @unknown_place}

@file_pinax -> documents -> @faculty_meeting_february_1859

@unknown_place:place {description: "Location not specified in the minutes"}

---

### Individual meeting sessions  

@meeting_feb_10_1859:event {when: @date_1859_02_10, present: [@preston, @birdsell, @cleveland, @temple, @e_furrell], description: "Motion to hold preliminary examinations of all candidates and senior students."}

@meeting_feb_14_1859:event {when: @date_1859_02_14, present: [@e_furrell], description: "Dean reports applications and essays submitted by women candidates; topics assigned to faculty reviewers.", candidates: [@mrs_botry, @miss_stratton, @miss_underwood, @miss_shelley, @miss_adams, @miss_porter]}

@meeting_feb_17_1859:event {when: @date_1859_02_17, end: @date_1859_02_19, present: [@rockey, @temple, @birdsell, @cleveland, @preston, @furness], description: "Thesis reviews of women candidates.", theses_reviewed: [@mrs_mc_clean, @mrs_stratton, @mrs_barkey, @mrs_underwood, @mrs_adams, @mrs_parker]}

@meeting_feb_25_1859:event {when: @date_1859_02_25, present: [@birdsell, @gorminger, @preston, @cleveland, @temple, @rockey, @furness, @e_furrell], description: "Voting on women candidates for the degree M.P.; recommendation for clinical experience at the New York Woman’s Infirmary."}

**Link meetings to the overall series**

@faculty_meeting_february_1859 -> comprised of -> [@meeting_feb_10_1859, @meeting_feb_14_1859, @meeting_feb_17_1859, @meeting_feb_25_1859]

---

### Faculty members (persons)

@e_furrell:person {full_name: "E. Furrell", role: "Dean"}
@preston:person {full_name: "Preston", role: "Faculty member"}
@birdsell:person {full_name: "Birdsell", role: "Faculty member"}
@cleveland:person {full_name: "Cleveland", role: "Faculty member"}
@temple:person {full_name: "Temple", role: "Faculty member"}
@rockey:person {full_name: "Rockey", role: "Faculty member"}
@furness:person {full_name: "Furness", role: "Dean"}
@gorminger:person {full_name: "Dr. Gorminger", role: "Faculty member"}

---

### Women candidates (persons) and their essay topics  

@mrs_botry:person {full_name: "Mrs. Botry", essay_topic: "Cause of Circulation of the Blood"}
@miss_stratton:person {full_name: "Miss Stratton", essay_topic: "Hydrogen"}
@miss_underwood:person {full_name: "Miss Underwood", essay_topic: "Water"}
@miss_shelley:person {full_name: "Miss Shelley", essay_topic: "Enteroplies"}
@miss_adams:person {full_name: "Miss Adams", essay_topic: "Digestion"}
@miss_porter:person {full_name: "Miss Porter", essay_topic: "Uterine Displacements"}

---

### Thesis‑reviewed candidates  

@mrs_mc_clean:person {full_name: "Mrs. McClean"}
@mrs_stratton:person {full_name: "Mrs. Stratton"}
@mrs_barkey:person {full_name: "Mrs. Barkey"}
@mrs_underwood:person {full_name: "Mrs. Underwood"}
@mrs_adams:person {full_name: "Mrs. Adams"}
@mrs_parker:person {full_name: "Mrs. Parker"}

---

### Voting candidates (final election)  

@sutnamine_underwood:person {full_name: "Sutnamine S. Underwood"}
@mary_malin_bailey:person {full_name: "Mary Malin Bailey"}
@st_winona_stratton:person {full_name: "St. Winona Stratton"}
@harriet_adams:person {full_name: "Harriet Adams"}
@maria_porter:person {full_name: "Maria W. Porter"}
@lizzie_mellen:person {full_name: "Lizzie S. Mellen"}

---

### Degree  

@mp_degree:concept {full_name: "M.P.", description: "Medical degree awarded to successful candidates"}

---

### Voting results (relationships with vote counts)

@meeting_feb_25_1859 -> voted for -> @sutnamine_underwood {white_votes: 66, black_votes: 4}
@meeting_feb_25_1859 -> voted for -> @mary_malin_bailey {white_votes: 60, black_votes: 10}
@meeting_feb_25_1859 -> voted for -> @st_winona_stratton {white_votes: 58, black_votes: 12}
@meeting_feb_25_1859 -> voted for -> @harriet_adams {white_votes: 56, black_votes: 14}
@meeting_feb_25_1859 -> voted for -> @maria_porter {white_votes: 55, black_votes: 15}
@meeting_feb_25_1859 -> voted for -> @lizzie_mellen {white_votes: 53, black_votes: 17}

**Award of degree**

@sutnamine_underwood -> awarded -> @mp_degree {by: @e_furrell, when: @date_1859_02_25}
@mary_malin_bailey -> awarded -> @mp_degree {by: @e_furrell, when: @date_1859_02_25}
@st_winona_stratton -> awarded -> @mp_degree {by: @e_furrell, when: @date_1859_02_25}
@harriet_adams -> awarded -> @mp_degree {by: @e_furrell, when: @date_1859_02_25}
@maria_porter -> awarded -> @mp_degree {by: @e_furrell, when: @date_1859_02_25}
@lizzie_mellen -> awarded -> @mp_degree {by: @e_furrell, when: @date_1859_02_25}

---

### Recommendation for clinical experience  

@ny_woman_infirmary:place {location: @new_york, description: "New York Woman’s Infirmary"}

@meeting_feb_25_1859 -> recommended -> @ny_woman_infirmary {purpose: "clinical experience for graduates"}

---

### Relationships between faculty and candidates (review & assignment)

@birdsell -> reviewed essay of -> @mrs_botry
@semple:person {full_name: "Dr. Semple"} -> reviewed essay of -> @miss_stratton
@cleveland -> reviewed essay of -> @miss_underwood
@roche:person {full_name: "Dr. Roche"} -> reviewed essay of -> @miss_shelley
@preston -> reviewed essay of -> @miss_adams
@e_furrell -> reviewed essay of -> @miss_porter

**(All reviewer persons are defined above; Dr. Semple, Dr. Roche are created here as needed.)**

Metadata

Files (5)

a092_001_119.jpgJPEG
351.53 KB
OCR Text

Thursday Feb 10th 1859 Present - Preston, Birdsell, Cleveland Temple & Furrell It was on motion resolved to have preliminary examinations of all candidates & such older students as wish to be attended by all of the Faculty so that we may arrive at a better general understanding of their state of preparation for a final examination for the degree of M.D.P. Adjourned E. Furrell (Dean) Monday Feb 14th 1859 The dean reported having received applications for examination, & essays of many of them from the following Ladies, which were referred as follows - From Mrs. Botry on the cause of Circulation of the Blood referred to Dr. Birdsell, Miss Stratton on Hydrogen referred to Dr. Semple, Miss Underwood on Water referred to Dr. Cleveland, Miss Shelley on Enteroplies referred to Dr. Roche, Miss Adams on Digestion referred to Dr. Preston & from Miss Porter on Uterine Displacements referred to Dr. Furrell Adjourned E. Furrell (Dean)

a092_001_120.jpgJPEG
351.46 KB
OCR Text

Thursday by adjournment, Saturday Feb 17th to 19th, 1859 Present all the Faculty. Prof. Rockey reported on Mrs. McClean's Thesis: Spelling not very good & matter & style not very clear, but passable. Prof. Temple reported that Mrs. Stratton's was very well written & very good but not original in its thoughts. Prof. Birdsell reported that Mrs. Barkey's was complex and obscure. Prof. Cleveland that Mrs. Underwood's was well written & clearly expressed. Prof. Preston that Mrs. Adams has a few errors in spelling & grammar but is a very good treatise on the subject. Prof. Furness that Mrs. Parker's was well written but not very descriptive or accurate. After considerable discussion, all the ladies were admitted to an examination. Each of the members of the faculty were furnished by the dean with a notice of the time & place of the examinations. Adjourned E. Furness Dean

a092_001_121.jpgJPEG
374.16 KB
OCR Text

Feb 25th, 1859 Present—All the members of the Faculty On motion of Prof. Birdsell Dr. Gorminger was invited to vote on the various candidates for degree as tho a member of the Faculty. The voting for candidates was then proceeded with, and resulted as follows: <table> <tr> <th></th> <th>White votes</th> <th>Black votes</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Sutnamine S. Underwood</td> <td>66</td> <td>4</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Mary Malin Bailey</td> <td>60</td> <td>10</td> </tr> <tr> <td>St. Winona Stratton</td> <td>58</td> <td>12</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Harriet Adams</td> <td>56</td> <td>14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Maria W. Porter</td> <td>55</td> <td>15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Lizzie S. Mellen</td> <td>53</td> <td>17</td> </tr> </table> All having received over fifty white votes were therefore declared duly elected, and the Dean was authorized to recommend that the degree of M.P. be conferred upon them at a public commencement to be held at such time & place as may be agreed upon. Resolved that the respective candidates be informed of the vote in her own case and that the Faculty recommend to the graduates the propriety of spending some time in the N.York Woman's Infirmary.

Version History (4 versions)

  • ✓ v4 (current) · 11/14/2025, 4:15:32 PM
    "Added description"
  • v3 · 11/14/2025, 4:08:04 PM · View this version
    "Added knowledge graph extraction"
  • v2 · 11/14/2025, 3:59:12 PM · View this version
    "Added PINAX metadata"
  • v1 · 11/14/2025, 3:56:49 PM · View this version
    "Reorganization group: Faculty_Meetings_1859"

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