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- 50 VENUS AND ADONIS
tive symbols. Nevertheless a careful printer setting up type from a manuscript which admitted contractions would expand them as a matter of course. In the 1593 text of *Venus and Adonis* the letters ‘m’ and ‘n’ are in the twenty-one following instances represented by the cursive abbreviation of a hyphen above the preceding vowel, viz.—‘lēg’ (83), ‘thē’ (= ‘then,’ twice in 137), ‘strēgthles’ (153), ‘frō’ (167, 443, and 1050), ‘strōg’ (297), ‘dūbe’ (406 and 1146), ‘wōūding’ (432), ‘non-paimēt’ (521), ‘hādling’ (560), ‘dissēble’ (641), ‘thē’ (= ‘them,’ 666 and 899), ‘hoūds’ (678), ‘drēcht’ (1054), ‘cāst’ (= ‘canst,’ 1077), ‘vpō’ (1170), ‘cōpares’ (1176).
Capital letters.
Even thus the catalogue of irregularities is unexhausted, Capital letters for common nouns within the lines are used sparingly but with the utmost irregularity.¹ The word ‘boar’, which occurs seventeen times, is thrice honoured with a capital B; ‘horse’ is similarly treated twice out of eight times; ‘lions’ once of three times; and ‘queen’ four of six times. Among some other words which bear a capital initial without reasonable cause, are ‘Eagle’ (55), ‘Primrose’ (151), ‘Painter’ (289), ‘Ouen’ (331), ‘Moone’ (492), ‘Caterpillers’ (798), ‘Tapsters’ (849), and ‘Tygre’ (1096). It is easy to produce hundreds of like words which are printed without any distinguishing mark.
Inflexional irregularities.
Other irregularities in spelling affect the inflexions of both the present and past tenses of verbs. The third person singular of the present tense ends indifferently with -eth, or -es, or -s. The latter two terminations, which are unaffected by metrical considerations, are always interchangeable. Thus
¹ A different sort of typographical carelessness is the substitution of a small letter for a capital in the first word of line 1048 (‘which’ for ‘Which’), and in two catchwords, respectively, after line 427 (‘what’ for ‘What’) and after line 1099 (‘when’ for ‘When’). The catchword is omitted altogether after line 666 (page 30).
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