Faculty Meeting Minutes and Administrative Documents, 1850-1860

Version: 11 (current) | Updated: 11/13/2025, 10:56:31 PM

Added description

Description

Graduation and Candidate Evaluations – February 17, 1857

Overview

This archival item is a set of three digital representations of the minutes from a graduation and candidate evaluation session held on 17 February 1857. The materials include a Pinax‑style text file, a JPEG image, and a high‑resolution TIFF scan. All documents are in English and were produced by the Drexel Production printing house for the medical faculty of a mid‑19th‑century American medical school. The item is catalogued under the title “Graduation and Candidate Evaluations – February 17, 1857” and is part of the PINAX platform.

Background

The session was convened by Dr. G. Fursell, M.D., the dean of the faculty. It reflects the administrative practices of early formal medical education in the United States, when candidates were evaluated by faculty and elected by a voting body before a Doctor of Medicine degree could be conferred. The record was prepared for internal governance and later digitized for preservation.

Contents

The minutes record the attendance of faculty members, including Dr. Harvey, Prof. Preston, Victor, Bradlee Brown, and Dr. Fursell.
  • Thesis evaluations: Faculty comments on eight candidates are noted, with Prof. Preston praising Lucy Petersilia’s thesis as “very respectable” and Prof. Brown describing Elizabeth Bangl’s thesis as “well written & respectable.”
  • Voting results: Votes (white and black) for eight candidates—Lucy Petersilia, Elizabeth Bangl, Susanna Hayhurst, Mary G. Scarlet, Phebe Wilson, Orie R. Noon, Hannah W. Brinton, and Elizabeth D.A. Cohen—are tabulated. All candidates except Cohen were elected.
  • Adjournment: The session was adjourned to meet again on 19 February 1857.
The JPEG image reproduces the handwritten minutes, while the TIFF scan provides a higher‑resolution view. The Pinax text file contains the same content in machine‑readable form.

Scope

The item covers only the 17 February 1857 evaluation session, documenting faculty attendance, thesis assessments, voting outcomes, and the adjournment. It does not include the subsequent conferral ceremony, detailed biographical data on candidates, or broader institutional policies. The collection is valuable for scholars of 19th‑century medical education, faculty governance, and the history of women’s participation in medical academia.

Entities

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Entity Relationships

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Raw Cheimarros Data

**1. EXTRACTION – collection‑level entity**

```cheimarr
@faculty_meeting_collection:document {
  title: "Faculty Meeting Minutes and Administrative Documents, 1850‑1860",
  creator: [
    @david_i_johnson,
    @harvey_kerr,
    @bichard,
    @hurst,
    @e_fussell,
    @edwin_russell,
    @edwin_fennell,
    @e_h_cleveland,
    @prof_beattell,
    @dr_fennell,
    @dr_cleveland,
    @dr_temple,
    @prof_preston,
    @dr_fessell,
    @dr_gussell,
    @dr_rouche,
    @dr_hearn,
    @mary_j_scarlett,
    @g_furrell,
    @e_furrell,
    @edwin_russell_foote,
    @g_farrell,
    @g_fursell_m_d
  ],
  institution: @drexel_production,
  created_range: "1850‑1860",
  language: "en",
  subjects: [
    "Medical education","Faculty meetings","Academic appointments","Thesis evaluations",
    "Academic degrees","Elections","Commencement ceremonies","Education","College administration",
    "Bylaws","Committees","Correspondence","Hospital","Advertising","Graduation",
    "Candidate Evaluations","College governance"
  ],
  description: "A collection of faculty meeting minutes and administrative documents from the Female Medical College of Pennsylvania, spanning 1850‑1860. Includes discussions on academic degrees, bylaws, committees, correspondence, college administration, and various faculty appointments and evaluations.",
  place: [@philadelphia, @ohio, @pennsylvania, @albany_new_york, @washington_dc]
}
```

**2. LINK FILE → COLLECTION**

```cheimarr
@file_pinax -> documents -> @faculty_meeting_collection:document
@file_ds_store -> asset_of -> @faculty_meeting_collection:document
```

**3. COLLECTION → AGGREGATED CONTENT (representative cross‑subdirectory links)**  

```cheimarr
@faculty_meeting_collection:document -> aggregates -> [
  @faculty_meeting_minutes_february_1853:event,
  @faculty_meeting_1857:event,
  @faculty_meeting_feb_25_1859:event,
  @public_commencement_march_5_1859:event,
  @annual_anniversary_meeting_april_2_1859:event,
  @meeting_1850_03_07:event,
  @meeting_1850_03_15:event,
  @meeting_1860_03_23:event,
  @meeting_1860_04_11:event,
  @meeting_1860_05_16:event,
  @meeting_1850_09_23:event,
  @graduation_and_candidate_evaluations:event,
  @by_laws_and_administrative_changes:event,   // generic placeholder for the many by‑law meetings
  @advertising_committee:organization,
  @commencement_committee:organization,
  @publication_committee:organization
]
```

**4. SYNTHESIS – cross‑subdirectory connections**

*People appearing in multiple years / sub‑folders*

```cheimarr
@david_i_johnson -> served_as -> @dean:position {when: @date_1853_02, until: @date_1853_02_25}
@edwin_fennell -> served_as -> @dean:position {when: @date_1850_03_07}
@e_fussell -> served_as -> @dean:position {when: @date_1857_12_16}
@edwin_russell -> same_as -> @dr_russell   // Dean in 1859 and participant in 1860 meetings
@dr_cleveland -> same_as -> @dr_cleveland   // Appears in 1850, 1857, 1859, 1860 meetings
@dr_temple -> same_as -> @dr_temple
@prof_preston -> same_as -> @prof_preston
@dr_fessell -> same_as -> @dr_fessell
@dr_gussell -> same_as -> @dr_gussell
```

*Continuity of committee formation and purpose*

```cheimarr
@commencement_committee:organization -> formed_in -> @faculty_meeting_feb_25_1859:event
@advertising_committee:organization -> formed_in -> @meeting_1860_05_16:event
@publication_committee:organization -> formed_in -> @annual_anniversary_meeting_april_2_1859:event
@committee:organization -> umbrella_for -> [@commencement_committee, @advertising_committee, @publication_committee]
```

*Recurring academic‑appointment patterns*

```cheimarr
@meeting_feb_7_1853:event -> recommended -> @ellwood_harvey {to: @chair_of_obstetrics_and_diseases_of_women_children}
@meeting_feb_7_1853:event -> recommended -> @william_m_cornell {to: @chair_of_general_therapeutics_and_materia_meda}
@meeting_feb_7_1853:event -> recommended -> @seth_pancoast {to: @chair_of_anatomy}
@meeting_1850_03_07:event -> elected -> @edwin_fennell {position: "Dean"}
@meeting_1850_03_07:event -> elected -> @dr_cleveland {position: "Secretary"}
@meeting_1850_03_07:event -> elected -> @dr_temple {position: "Treasurer"}
@meeting_1857_12_16:event -> appointed -> @harvey_kerr {position: @prof_chemistry_toxicology}
@meeting_1857_12_16:event -> appointed -> @hurst {position: @obstetrics_dir_midw}
@meeting_1857_12_16:event -> appointed -> @bichard {position: @practice_medicine}
@meeting_1857_12_16:event -> appointed -> @cleveland {position: @anatomy_histology}
@meeting_1857_12_16:event -> appointed -> @cleveland {position: @demonstrator_anatomy}
@meeting_1857_12_16:event -> appointed -> @bartholomew_fussell {position: @emeritus_prof_practice_medicine}
@meeting_1860_05_16:event -> formed committee -> @advertising_committee {members: [@dr_gussell, @simple_cleveland, @mary_ann_h]}
```

*Thesis‑evaluation & voting continuity (1857 vs 1859)*  

Both the 1857 graduation event and the 1859 faculty meeting record candidate voting, showing a stable evaluation process.

```cheimarr
@graduation_and_candidate_evaluations:event -> evaluated_candidates -> [
  @lucy_petersilia, @elizabeth_bangl, @susanna_hayhurst,
  @mary_scarlet, @phebe_wilson, @orie_noon,
  @hannah_brinton, @elizabeth_cohen
]

@faculty_meeting_feb_25_1859:event -> received_votes -> [
  @sutnamine_underwood, @mary_malin_bailey, @st_winona_stratton,
  @harriet_adams, @maria_w_porter, @lizzie_s_mellen
]

@graduation_and_candidate_evaluations:event -> voting_method -> "white/black vote tally"
@faculty_meeting_feb_25_1859:event   -> voting_method -> "white/black vote tally"
```

*Geographic spread of meetings (showing institutional reach)*  

```cheimarr
@faculty_meeting_minutes_february_1853:event -> held_in -> @philadelphia
@meeting_1850_03_07:event            -> held_in -> @ohio
@meeting_1860_03_23:event            -> held_in -> @pennsylvania
@public_commencement_march_5_1859:event -> held_in -> @concert_hall
@annual_anniversary_meeting_april_2_1859:event -> held_in -> @faculty_meeting_location
```

*Linking collection metadata to subjects and places*

```cheimarr
@faculty_meeting_collection:document -> covers_subject -> [
  "Medical education","Faculty meetings","Academic appointments","Thesis evaluations",
  "Academic degrees","Elections","Commencement ceremonies","Bylaws","Committees"
]

@faculty_meeting_collection:document -> mentions_place -> [
  @philadelphia, @ohio, @pennsylvania, @albany_new_york, @washington_dc
]
```

**5. SUMMARY OF SYNTHESIS**

- The same core administrators (e.g., @david_i_johnson, @edwin_russell/@dr_russell, @dr_cleveland) recur across the decade, illustrating continuity of leadership.
- Committee creation follows a pattern: new functional committees (commencement, advertising, publication) are established in response to specific events (1859 commencement, 1860 advertising needs, 1859 anniversary).
- Academic‑appointment motions (recommendations for chairs, dean elections) appear consistently in each meeting, showing a stable governance process.
- Thesis evaluation and voting procedures are preserved from 1857 through 1859, using the same “white/black” vote tally system.
- Meetings are geographically dispersed (Philadelphia, Ohio, Pennsylvania), reflecting the college’s expanding operational footprint during the 1850‑1860 period.

Metadata

Files (1)

Version History (10 versions)

  • ✓ v11 (current) · 11/13/2025, 10:56:31 PM
    "Added description"
  • v10 · 11/13/2025, 10:49:14 PM · View this version
    "Added knowledge graph extraction"
  • v9 · 11/13/2025, 10:38:25 PM · View this version
    "Added PINAX metadata"
  • v8 · 11/13/2025, 10:34:12 PM · View this version
    "Reorganized into 6 groups"
  • v7 · 11/13/2025, 10:34:11 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01K9ZNNNANH2BFG358B8EJKJMW"
  • v6 · 11/13/2025, 10:34:09 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01K9ZNNKT2Y99A73VHX4G5ZP8B"
  • v5 · 11/13/2025, 10:34:08 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01K9ZNNJ90HPH43EKWNKX6ZTJS"
  • v4 · 11/13/2025, 10:34:06 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01K9ZNNGHEZAWP3F5G1D0H4RET"
  • v3 · 11/13/2025, 10:34:04 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01K9ZNNEETGGERKQKQBS72SZWA"
  • v2 · 11/13/2025, 10:34:02 PM · View this version
    "Added child entity 01K9ZNNCGW7R1WJGMK0R356S7T"

Additional Components

reorganization-description.txt
# Reorganization Summary

The files were grouped based on the content of the minutes, focusing on the year and the specific topics discussed during the faculty meetings. This approach ensures that files with related content are organized together, making it easier to locate and reference specific meetings or topics. Files without content were grouped based on their filenames and metadata, while the .DS_Store.ref.json file was left ungrouped as it does not contain relevant content.

## Groups Created

- **Faculty_Meetings_1853**: Files containing minutes from faculty meetings in 1853, focusing on appointments and recommendations for faculty positions.
- **Faculty_Meetings_1857**: Files containing minutes from faculty meetings in 1857, including reports on theses and recommendations for faculty appointments.
- **Faculty_Meetings_1859**: Files containing minutes from faculty meetings in 1859, including discussions on graduation candidates and faculty appointments.
- **Faculty_Meetings_1860**: Files containing minutes from faculty meetings in 1860, including discussions on graduation candidates, faculty appointments, and administrative matters.
- **By-Laws_and_Administrative_Changes**: Files containing discussions and changes to the by-laws and administrative procedures of the faculty.
- **Graduation_and_Candidate_Evaluations**: Files containing evaluations and voting results for graduation candidates.

Parent

01K9ZMX6H194FEMY15W89XXT3Q

Children (6)